Does quantum randomness measurably affect macro-sized objects? I understand that while it is believed that there is no true randomness on the macro scale, there is true randomness on the quantum scale. A previous theory that quantum processes could be determined through "hidden variables" has been disproven (through polarizing photons and radioactive particle decay), confirming that true randomness does exist.
Now for my question. Does quantum randomness measurably affect the macro scale such that true randomness actually does exist outside quantum mechanics, or will rolling a die in identical conditions always yield the same result even after factoring quantum randomness?
 A: The stochastic features of QM could leave, in principle, a "trace" at the macroscopic level.
This is because not every $\hslash$-dependent family of quantum states yields, in the limit $\hslash\to 0$, a completely deterministic classical state (phase space point). As a matter of fact: 

Every possible classical phase-space probability distribution can be obtained from some suitable quantum configuration, in the classical limit.

In other words, in the classical limit the quantum non-commutative probabilities (states) become, in general, classical probabilities in the phase space (statistical states). There are quantum states that in the limit become points of the phase space (not surprisingly, this is the case for the squeezed coherent states of minimal uncertainty), but these are only special cases.
This classical statistical description, that emerges from quantum states in the classical limit, can be seen as a "trace" of the probabilistic nature of the underlying quantum theory.
A: There is no randomness on the quantum scale, there is only uncertainty, which describes the information that is available to a macroscopic observer. An easy way to see that quantum processes are not random is by looking at starlight. That light has been coming to us from up to billions of lightyears away, but it doesn't show any distance dependent "random" effects that you would expect from a truly random phenomenon like scattering on particles (like in fog). We have even done interference experiments on "old light" and it interferes just as well as light from local sources.
Now, as to your question... yes, uncertainty does permeate the entire macroscopic world, but probably not in the way you might expect. It is only because of uncertainty that stable matter exists. We can not model matter correctly with any other theory than quantum mechanics. Neither classical mechanics nor electrodynamics even permit stable atoms. Light, matter, magnetic fields... these are all macroscopic quantum phenomena. The force between two magnets, that's a macroscopic quantum field at work. You can hold "it" in your hand, if you like. 
