What is the largest disparity of gravitational time dilation from earth's that life can survive? In certain theoretical scenario's a human can be in a gravitational field where he would age half as fast as on earth's surface.
However, for light to travel half as fast in one direction, we are talking about gravitational compressions and time-space distortion that already would kill even most invertebrates. If light travels half as fast upwards, and the same speed laterally to the gravity centre, we are talking about disintegration of matter into strands?
Is that true? It would mean that life can only survive gravity fields that make time distortions in the order of 1% and less?
 A: The only requirement for strong gravitational time dilation is that the gravitational field be strong. A person can be in a strong gravitational field and not even know it - for instance, an astronaut in orbit around the Earth is in the Earth's gravitational field (which is only slightly weaker than at the surface), yet feels weightless. Spaghettification (which is shockingly the correct technical term) occurs if there is a strong gravitational field gradient, that is to say there is a substantial difference between the gravitational force on say the head of a person as compared to the force on their feet. If this differential (tidal) force exceeds the tensile strength of, say, bone or ligaments, biologically speaking very bad things are likely to happen. However, a strong gravitational field does not necessarily imply a strong gradient in that field. For instance, a typical stellar-class black hole will spaghettify a human outside the Schwazschild radius, but a typical supermassive black hole will not, even though the gravitational field is stronger$^{1}$.
$^{1}$ Before asking me to support this statement with calculations, please at least read the wikipedia article I linked, and ideally go look up or do the calculation yourself, it's been done many times before.
