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Sep 21 at 15:18 history edited Andrew Steane CC BY-SA 4.0
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Sep 21 at 15:17 comment added Andrew Steane The requirement is that we need to know how to quantify work in an adiathermal process. I have made a small edit to state this more clearly.
Sep 21 at 5:41 comment added Jay In the second last para, you state that we need to know what work is. So, the definition of heat is still ambiguous since we do not really know "what work is" when we bring two bodies in contact. Refer to edit (1) of the question. If the definition of heat is ambiguous, the answer to whether the process is allowed by second law or not is also ambiguous.
Sep 20 at 21:41 comment added Philip Wood Pippard, in Elements of Classical Thermodynamics (1957) used a very similar argument.
Sep 20 at 21:33 history edited Andrew Steane CC BY-SA 4.0
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Sep 20 at 21:25 history answered Andrew Steane CC BY-SA 4.0