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Feb 15, 2023 at 9:03 comment added Mark H @SuhailSarwar The idea of conservation of energy wasn't formalized until the 1840s, 150 years after Newton's Principia. Here's a three-part story of the history of the conservation of energy by a physicist: Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3.
Feb 15, 2023 at 5:31 comment added Suhail Sarwar Yes sir...i understand that...but what was the explanation before atomic or molecular theory....a rod was considered as a continuous 1....so without considering the internal structure,how can we apply basic newtons laws....and what if there is no heat in some case....like the elastic collision....what if the rod is non sticky
Feb 15, 2023 at 2:49 comment added Mark H @SuhailSarwar I mention heat because the missing energy has to be accounted for. Here's a simpler situation: two objects of equal mass and equal speed collide head on and stick together. The total momentum is zero before and after the collision, so the stuck-together objects are not moving after the collision. Where did the kinetic energy go? Thermal energy, vibrational energy, sound energy, light energy, and on and on. This is why kinetic energy is not conserved except in special circumstances. Since total energy is conserved, we have to look for it based on the details of the collision.
Feb 14, 2023 at 14:21 comment added Suhail Sarwar But sir there was no mention of heat or any other form of energy while formulating the laws of mechanics....i.e kinematics.....how do we know there is more heat transfer in former case....?
Feb 14, 2023 at 10:58 history answered Mark H CC BY-SA 4.0