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Jan 28, 2022 at 13:24 comment added John Alexiou I edited the answer to use $\delta$ as the unknown, instead of $\theta$.
Jan 28, 2022 at 13:23 history edited John Alexiou CC BY-SA 4.0
replaced theta with delta.
Jan 28, 2022 at 13:16 comment added John Alexiou @Astrofan - transform the equation to $$ \sin(δ)\cos(23.43928°)-\sin(192.8583°)\cos(δ)\sin(23.439289°) =\cos( 60.18894°) $$ and get the $A$, $B$ and $C$ coefficients by matching and using $\delta = \theta$ in notation.
Jan 28, 2022 at 4:33 comment added user52025 None of the above responses answer the original question, at least not in a way that I can understand. If I ask Wolfram to solve arccos(sin(δ)cos(23.43928°)sin(192.8583°)cos(δ)sin(23.439289°))-60.18894°=0 the result is: δ = 0.473325 Radians converting Radian to Degrees, I get δ = 0.473325*(180/π) = 27.12837° Using Stellarium, I get δ = 27° 7' 41.7" = 27.12825° So δ = 27.128 is close enough for me. In the answers given above, I don't know what A, B or C mean, so this is as close as I'll ever get to teasing δ out of arccos(sin(δ)cos(23.43928°)sin(192.8583°)cos(δ)sin(23.439289°))=60.18894°.
Nov 30, 2021 at 23:46 comment added John Alexiou No, as I stated above $\varphi = {\rm atan}(A/B)$.
Nov 30, 2021 at 22:30 comment added user52025 φ = cos-1(A^2 + B^2 - C^2)/( 4 A B)?
Nov 11, 2021 at 0:35 comment added user52025 Thanks for the answer, and the work you put into this, but I'm wondering what happened to φ in these calculations. I'm just a layman, with an undergrad's understanding of trig, and little to none of spherical trig. But I think I may have found another hint in an old post from the Stack Exchange: physics.stackexchange.com/questions/88663/… by user6972: δ=sin−1(sin(β)∗cos(ϵ)+cos(β)∗sin(ϵ)∗sin(λ)) However, I still can't figure out what the values are for β, ϵ, and λ. If I did, I could "punch them into a spreadsheet" and find φ !
Nov 11, 2021 at 0:12 comment added John Alexiou @user52025 in (3) $\theta = \varphi + \psi$ and $\varphi = {\rm atan}(A/B)$
Nov 10, 2021 at 13:24 comment added John Alexiou @DavidHammen, great suggestion. I have added this to the answer.
Nov 10, 2021 at 13:23 history edited John Alexiou CC BY-SA 4.0
added 205 characters in body
Nov 10, 2021 at 9:18 comment added David Hammen My answer was your essentially equations (4) to (8). There's no need to write that up. There is one interesting case you didn't cover: What if $B+C=0$?
Nov 10, 2021 at 9:05 comment added John Alexiou @DavidHammen - You should submit your answer anyway, as there are always things to be learned from the nuances of different approaches.
Nov 10, 2021 at 9:02 comment added David Hammen You beat me to it. My partially written answer goes down the drain! Personally I like the tangent half angle expression (your equation 8) because that form makes the quadrant restrictions go away. The 360° (or $2\pi$) issue doesn't go away, but who cares?
Nov 10, 2021 at 8:44 history edited John Alexiou CC BY-SA 4.0
added 218 characters in body
Nov 10, 2021 at 8:35 history answered John Alexiou CC BY-SA 4.0