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Timeline for Rainbows and Clouds

Current License: CC BY-SA 4.0

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May 23, 2021 at 14:51 comment added Charles Tucker 3 @Parth Deodhar The rainbow is just a consequence of the physical processes happening to the photons, so I cannot image that there is a minimum intensity required (of course there is also absorption in the atmosphere etc., so some number of photons are necessary, but that's not really a lower limit below the formation of the rainbow isn't possible). And your eyes require of course a minimum intensity to actually see something at all.
May 23, 2021 at 13:18 comment added Parth Deodhar What is the minimum intensity of light required to form a-rainbow
May 22, 2021 at 14:40 comment added Charles Tucker 3 @Parth Deodhar The diffuse light is caused by the cloud (covering the sun), the photons encounter single and multiple scattering effects inside and as a result leaving the cloud essentially in all possible directions. For your second question, photons reflected one more inside the raindrop produce a second rainbow under a different angle. A nice overview explaining this with images is here <scijinks.gov/rainbow>, but without mathematical calculations of the angles.
May 22, 2021 at 13:18 comment added Parth Deodhar Can you also explain why Alexanders Dark Band in formed even if there are other water droplets to scatter light in area above the rainbow and increase its brightness. Why isn't the effect of rest of water molecules scattering considered during rainbow
May 22, 2021 at 13:15 comment added Parth Deodhar what is diffused illumination
May 22, 2021 at 8:36 history answered Charles Tucker 3 CC BY-SA 4.0