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Jan 16, 2021 at 21:43 comment added Norbert Schuch One column. (And to get B|phi>, only one additional column is needed.)
Jan 16, 2021 at 20:33 vote accept ZR-
Jan 16, 2021 at 20:27 comment added Andrew What you are basically asking is, "can I infer all the components of a unitary matrix given one row of that matrix?" A unitary matrix from the group $U(N)$ (the group of all $N\times N$ unitary matrices) has $N^2$ real parameters. A row vector has $2N$ parameters (since the elements can be complex). So you need $N^2-2N$ additional independent constraints to fix the matrix.
Jan 16, 2021 at 20:21 comment added ZR- Thanks for the answer! Which kind of information is needed to figure out $B|\Phi\rangle$?
Jan 16, 2021 at 20:17 history answered Andrew CC BY-SA 4.0