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May 22, 2019 at 10:46 comment added Luaan @PeterA.Schneider If you keep extracting the heat, yes. I was considering more the case of synchronising the liquid core perfectly with the rotation of the planet (so removing all the little vortices and flows that generate the magnetic field), or magically cooling everything to 300 °K. So you'd stop the magnetic field for some time (probably thousands or hundreds of thousands of years), but it might restart eventually as heat is released from the solidification etc. Though given that would make the mantle warmer, the dynamics would probably be quite weird (and world destroying).
May 22, 2019 at 8:16 comment added Peter - Reinstate Monica @Luaan The core would eventually solidify no matter what if humanity continually removes heat at a level higher than tidal and radioactive influx. (Of course that would mean the end of the Earth's magnetic field.)
May 22, 2019 at 7:55 comment added Luaan @user400188 In the long run, I expect you'd need to solidify the core completely. Otherwise no matter how much energy you take out, the convective currents will start again as the core continues to solidify and release the extra energy as heat. Of course, this doesn't mean our civilisation would survive even the "short term" disturbance.
May 21, 2019 at 23:24 comment added user400188 Not a correction, but it would be interesting to see how much energy needs to be removed to reduce the earths magnetic field sufficiently for it to no longer protect us.
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May 20, 2019 at 16:06 history answered Peter - Reinstate Monica CC BY-SA 4.0