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Dec 17, 2012 at 1:56 comment added N. Virgo @josinalvo I first learned about the layer of water in this video of Richard Feynman talking about magnets, which is worth watching. The equivalence between melting on compression and expanding on freezing is because it's a reversible transition, so the volume change has to be the same in each case - if that's the bit you want to learn more about then you'll need a good introductory textbook on chemical thermodynamics or physical chemistry, but I don't have a specific one to recommend.
Dec 16, 2012 at 15:26 comment added josinalvo @Nathaniel: "you need a substance that will turn from solid to liquid when it's compressed, which (according to thermodynamics) is the same thing as having a liquid that expands when it freezes" could you point me toward some reading material on that ?
Dec 16, 2012 at 9:00 comment added N. Virgo @Muresan the problem is that all the known substances with the expanding-on-freezing property are metals, apart from acetic acid. The list I linked to says some of bismuth's alloys also expand, so maybe you could lower its freezing point by mixing it with mercury, while still keeping the expansion property (this seems unlikely to me but I don't know enough chemistry to say for sure) - but mercury releases toxic vapour, so it wouldn't be suitable for a public place.
Dec 16, 2012 at 5:30 comment added Muresan Thak you very much Nathaniel, perhaps a solutions, a mix of more than one liquid will have such freezing point.For me it's important to find such a liquid or mixture to spare the electricity used to freeze the ice rink.
Dec 15, 2012 at 17:13 history answered N. Virgo CC BY-SA 3.0