I'm wondering how can we measure Earth's gravity without pendulum of course we can do it by using Newtowns law's of physics but the air friction might change the actual value also how physists measure distant planets gravity that are found by transit's (by detecting dip's in light intensity)? I know g=Gm1m2/(r^2)

I'm wondering how can we measure Earth's gravity without pendulum? of course we can do it by using Newton's laws of physics but the air friction might change the actual value also how physists measure distant planets gravity that are found by transit's (by detecting dip's in light intensity)? I know g=GM/(r^2)

I'm wondering how can we measure Earth's gravity without pendulum of course we can do it by using Newtowns law's of physics but the air friction might change the actual value also how physists measure distant planets gravity? I know g=Gm1m2/(r^2)

I'm wondering how can we measure Earth's gravity without pendulum of course we can do it by using Newtowns law's of physics but the air friction might change the actual value also how physists measure distant planets gravity that are found by transit's (by detecting dip's in light intensity)? I know g=Gm1m2/(r^2)