The metal – the state of the electrons in it – is of course stable in the ground state. It is an eigenstate of the Hamiltonian. One may talk about points in the momentum space and say that some shells encircle others (like Russian dolls around other Matryoshkas). But this is just a way to use the language for the geometric (mathematical) relationships between points and surfaces in the momentum space. One must realize that the momentum space is in no way the real space. Physics isn't local in the momentum space (although it is local in the position space). So the encircling of some regions of the momentum space by other regions is much less "tight" than it is in a normal space. Particles may tunnel through the "walls" in the momentum space, e.g. by emitting other particles such as photons.
So whether the electrons in a metal are Matryoshkas depends on which properties of the Matryoshka you find important. Physics of metals is clearly not being described in terms of Russian dolls so there can't be any textbook answer to a question whether electrons in metals are Matryoshkas.
There are extremely many complicated Fermi surfaces for various materials, see e.g. the Google Images search for Fermi surfaces. The topologies may be many things, there may be sharp peaks on the surface, holes, and many other things. If you want to talk about bands separated by a gap, that's possible. But for conductors, it's really a big gap between the conduction band and the valence band which is basically assumed to be impenetrable, so only the conduction band is relevant for the dynamics of the metals. You need to talk about semiconductors if the probability to get through the gap.