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On page 209 of Polchinski's string theory book he writes down the expectation value of a product of vertex operators on the torus; equation $(7.2.4)$. The derivation is analogous to an earlier calculation on the sphere, equation $(6.2.17)$, and I'm perfectly happy with the result except for the factor of $2\pi/\partial_\nu \vartheta_1(\nu\vert\tau)$.

Can anyone give me an insight into how this term appears? Thanks.

EDIT: Following Lubos's answer.

The expectation value we wish to calculate is

\begin{align} \Bigg< \prod_{i=1}^n :e^{ik_i \cdot X(z_i,\overline z_i)}:\Bigg>_{T^2} &= iC^X_{T_2}(\tau) (2\pi)^d \delta^d(\sum_i k_i) \\& \exp \Big(-\sum_{i<j} k_i \cdot k_j \, G'(w_i,w_j) - \frac{1}{2}\sum_i k_i^2 G_r'(w_i,w_i) \Big) \end{align}

The second line follows just as in eq. $(6.2.17)$, and the Green functions are

$$ G'(w,w') = -\frac{\alpha'}{2} \ln \Bigg\vert \vartheta_1\Big(\frac{w-w'}{2\pi}\Big\vert \tau\Big) \Bigg\vert^2 + \alpha' \frac{[Im(w-w')]^2}{4\pi\tau_ 2}$$

\begin{align} G'_r(w,w)&=G'(w,w)+\alpha'\omega(w)+\frac{\alpha'}{2}\ln \vert w-w'\vert^2 \\&= -\frac{\alpha'}{2}\ln\Bigg\vert \frac{\partial_\nu\vartheta_1(0|\tau)}{2\pi} \Bigg\vert^2 +\alpha'\omega(w) \end{align}

Where we have used

$$ \left. \vartheta_1 \left( \frac{w-w'}{2\pi} | \tau \right)\right|_{w\to w'} \to \partial_\nu\vartheta_1(0|\tau)\cdot \left(\frac{w-w'}{2\pi} \right) $$

as explained by Lubos. Substituting these into the original equation and taking the curvature to infinity $\omega\to 0$, we find

\begin{align} \Bigg< \prod_{i=1}^n :e^{ik_i \cdot X(z_i,\overline z_i)}:\Bigg>_{T^2} &= iC^X_{T_2}(\tau) (2\pi)^d \delta^d(\sum_i k_i) \\& \times\prod_{i<j} \Bigg\vert \frac{2\pi}{\partial_\nu \vartheta_1(0\vert\tau)}\vartheta\Big(\frac{w_{ij}}{2\pi}\Big\vert\tau\Big)\exp\Big[-\frac{(Im w_{ij})^2}{4\pi\tau_2}\Big] \Bigg\vert^{\alpha' k_i \cdot k_j} \end{align}

As in equation $(7.2.4)$.

On page 209 of Polchinski's string theory book he writes down the expectation value of a product of vertex operators on the torus; equation $(7.2.4)$. The derivation is analogous to an earlier calculation on the sphere, equation $(6.2.17)$, and I'm perfectly happy with the result except for the factor of $2\pi/\partial_\nu \vartheta_1(\nu\vert\tau)$.

Can anyone give me an insight into how this term appears? Thanks.

On page 209 of Polchinski's string theory book he writes down the expectation value of a product of vertex operators on the torus; equation $(7.2.4)$. The derivation is analogous to an earlier calculation on the sphere, equation $(6.2.17)$, and I'm perfectly happy with the result except for the factor of $2\pi/\partial_\nu \vartheta_1(\nu\vert\tau)$.

Can anyone give me an insight into how this term appears? Thanks.

EDIT: Following Lubos's answer.

The expectation value we wish to calculate is

\begin{align} \Bigg< \prod_{i=1}^n :e^{ik_i \cdot X(z_i,\overline z_i)}:\Bigg>_{T^2} &= iC^X_{T_2}(\tau) (2\pi)^d \delta^d(\sum_i k_i) \\& \exp \Big(-\sum_{i<j} k_i \cdot k_j \, G'(w_i,w_j) - \frac{1}{2}\sum_i k_i^2 G_r'(w_i,w_i) \Big) \end{align}

The second line follows just as in eq. $(6.2.17)$, and the Green functions are

$$ G'(w,w') = -\frac{\alpha'}{2} \ln \Bigg\vert \vartheta_1\Big(\frac{w-w'}{2\pi}\Big\vert \tau\Big) \Bigg\vert^2 + \alpha' \frac{[Im(w-w')]^2}{4\pi\tau_ 2}$$

\begin{align} G'_r(w,w)&=G'(w,w)+\alpha'\omega(w)+\frac{\alpha'}{2}\ln \vert w-w'\vert^2 \\&= -\frac{\alpha'}{2}\ln\Bigg\vert \frac{\partial_\nu\vartheta_1(0|\tau)}{2\pi} \Bigg\vert^2 +\alpha'\omega(w) \end{align}

Where we have used

$$ \left. \vartheta_1 \left( \frac{w-w'}{2\pi} | \tau \right)\right|_{w\to w'} \to \partial_\nu\vartheta_1(0|\tau)\cdot \left(\frac{w-w'}{2\pi} \right) $$

as explained by Lubos. Substituting these into the original equation and taking the curvature to infinity $\omega\to 0$, we find

\begin{align} \Bigg< \prod_{i=1}^n :e^{ik_i \cdot X(z_i,\overline z_i)}:\Bigg>_{T^2} &= iC^X_{T_2}(\tau) (2\pi)^d \delta^d(\sum_i k_i) \\& \times\prod_{i<j} \Bigg\vert \frac{2\pi}{\partial_\nu \vartheta_1(0\vert\tau)}\vartheta\Big(\frac{w_{ij}}{2\pi}\Big\vert\tau\Big)\exp\Big[-\frac{(Im w_{ij})^2}{4\pi\tau_2}\Big] \Bigg\vert^{\alpha' k_i \cdot k_j} \end{align}

As in equation $(7.2.4)$.

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Haz
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Polchinski Equation (7.2.4)

On page 209 of Polchinski's string theory book he writes down the expectation value of a product of vertex operators on the torus; equation $(7.2.4)$. The derivation is analogous to an earlier calculation on the sphere, equation $(6.2.17)$, and I'm perfectly happy with the result except for the factor of $2\pi/\partial_\nu \vartheta_1(\nu\vert\tau)$.

Can anyone give me an insight into how this term appears? Thanks.