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It's called a diode because the device has two terminals. Devices that have three terminals are called triodes, and those with five pentodes. Words of that type have fallen by the wayside except in the realm of vacuum tube electronics ... except for the word diode, which has hung on. Note that the Wikipedia article that you cite refers specifically to ...

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An RTD is a special type of TD, and a double barrier is just one of many possible implementations of resonant tunneling. An RTD is called "resonant" because (under certain conditions) the transmission function is equal to one, i.e. complete transmission. This happens due to wave-like interference between the two barriers. Hence called "resonant": the phase ...

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The negative differential resistance creates a special phenomena: under a certain bias and certain incident electron energies, the transmission function through the double barrier is nearly zero. In other words, for a finite voltage domain, the current is nearly zero, i.e. a rectifying behaviour. This can be referred to as "generalized diode", since the ...

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First, to answer your question. Tunneling in Quantum Mechanics is, of course, about the transfer of something through a potential barrier, which would be impossible in classical mechanics. The rate of tunneling depends strongly on the mass on the particle, the height of the potential barrier and the width of the barrier. The paper that you mention in your ...

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The half life can in principle be determined using Fermi's Golden Rule. Well, this calculates transition probabilities per unit time, but the half life is simply derived from the transition probability. So if you know the initial and final wavefunctions and the appropriate operator then yes you can calculate the half life. However in practice nuclei are far ...

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If we were able to have a quantum mechanical model for nuclei that needed no experimental input, then the half lives of unstable nuclei would be computed utilizing the fully known wavefunctions. An approximation to this ideal is the shell model, and there are papers in the literature using the wavefunctions of the model to calculate lifetimes that fit the ...

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