# Tag Info

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There is something they forgot to mention in your notes (either from ignorance, or out of omission). The temperature within the system is spatially non-uniform during an irreversible process. So what value of the temperature are you supposed to use in the integral of dq/T? The Clausius inequality calls for the use of the temperature at the boundary ...

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I think you have a typo in your question. A reversible process will have a smaller entropy change than an irreversible process. Your interpretation that the equality refers to a reversible process, while the inequality refers to in irreversible process is correct. Looking at the specific equations in that notes document, the integral in 8.31 applies to an ...

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This is Clausius inequality. The term ds>dQ/T. Holds an impossible reaction which does not obey Clausius statement in 2nd law of thermodynamics. The things in your class thought is about this ds<0. Where you can add c that is entropy generation term. Hope it will help you

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I would like to add to what Procyon said in his(her) answer, which is right on target. The first equation in the OP should be an equality, not an inequality. For an irreversible process, the temperature of the system is typically non-uniform, and when we write $\int{\frac{dQ}{T}}$ for the Clausius inequality, what we really mean is ...

1

Entropy is a property of the system. The change in entropy of a system as it traverses from an initial state(1) to a final state(2) is independent of the path by which the system is taken from state 1 to state 2. The path can be a reversible one, or even irreversible, the change in entropy is always the same as long as the initial and final states are the ...

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To do it reversibly, you can heat the body from $T_1$ to $T_2$ (i.e., over a finite temperature change) using an infinite sequence of constant temperature reservoirs, in which each reservoir in turn is only dT higher in temperature than the body at any time (and also only dT higher in temperature than the reservoir before it in the sequence). Each increment ...

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It is reversible in the first case because it satisfies the reversibility definition. A thermodynamic process is called reversible if an infinitesimal change of the external condition reverses the process. Consider a system at temperature $T$ in thermal contact with a thermal reservoir at same temperature. By an infinitesimal increase $dT$ of the reservoir's ...

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It's irreversible. The reason can be easily understood when you look the molecular properties of water The presence of a charge on each of these atoms gives each water molecule a net dipole moment. Electrical attraction between water molecules due to this dipole pulls individual molecules closer together, making it more difficult to separate the ...

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Viscous dissipation of mechanical energy would be the dominant factor in characterizing the irreversibility. This would be readily captured by the tensorial form of the stress-(deformation rate) equation for a Newtonian (viscous) fluid. This describes the deformational behavior of a fluid in both simple shear flow as well as in much more complicated three ...

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The most efficient possible heat engine is one running the Carnot Cycle. All four 'steps' of the CC are reversible, so do not increase the entropy of the Universe (surroundings). The work done is the area inside the loop, so a loop with 2 sides would also lose no entropy, but would convert no heat into motion, which is the purpose of a heat engine. As an ...

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