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Readers might be interested to know that you can actually see such terms in macroscopic data. I allude to this at the very end of this answer, which discusses an analysis of (century-old) mercury vapor pressure data. When you plot the residuals (not shown there), they display a sharp upside-down "V" shape. As I recall, the rapid change of slope can be ...

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See van der Waals' Gas Equation : $$\Bigg(P+\dfrac{an^2}{V^2}\Bigg)\Big(V-nb\Big)=nRT$$ $a,b$ are constant dependent on gas properties.

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I think the reasonable answer to your question is no. For example hydrogen and oxygen, and mixtures thereof, are close to ideal gases at STP. By close to ideal I mean that they obey the ideal gas law to a close approximation. however, apply a bit of activation energy and they behave in a distinctly non-ideal gas way! The problem is that when dealing with ...

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You can compute relative fluctuation of gas volume (which is the same as fluctuation of gas density here) by computing probabilities using entropy (or equivalently Gibbs energy) difference. The following page has explained all the steps. The final formula would be: $\delta = \langle {(V - V_0)^2 \over V^2} \rangle = {1 \over N}$ In which $N$ is number of ...

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