# Tag Info

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Let's suppose the electron we are considering is in an orbital described by the wavefunction $\psi$. If we look in some small volume element $dV$ then the probability of finding the electron in that volume element is: $$P = \psi^*\psi \, dV$$ To calculate the probability of findng the electron inside the nucleus we'll use polar coordinates, and as our ...

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The charged black hole that would have the mass and charge of the electron violates the extremality bound. So classically, it's forbidden. In the Planck units, the mass is less than $10^{-22}$ (times the Planck mass) but the charge is of order one. So any description of the electron as a black hole is inadequate. The corrections are much larger than the ...

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A charged particle will always interact with an electric field, so an electron will interact with the fields of the atom, electrons and nucleus, depending on the energy of the electron. Bremsstrahlung Radiation is in high frequencies, X-rays "Bremsstrahlung" means "braking radiation" and is retained from the original German to describe the radiation ...

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Do electrons always have a probability of being somewhere [in] the same way as when they surround a nucleus? Yes. Of course they don't have a probability a of being somewhere when surrounding a nucleus, they have a frequency of being found somewhere if measured, which is different. You can get a full probability too, but only if you specify even more ...

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It depends on what exactly you are asking. Suppose we take 64g of copper i.e. one mole of copper. Each copper atom contributes one conduction electron, so our chunk of copper contains $6.023 \times 10^{23}$ (Avagadro's number) conduction electrons with a total charge of 96488 coulombs. John's answer involves removing those electrons by a chemical reaction. ...

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There is no particular reason why one should be of such a sign and the other of the other. The choice is mostly historical and the opposite choice (positive charge for the electron and negative for the proton) would work as well with just some slight sign changes in the equations. The only important part is that their charge be opposites.

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The simple answer is that you are misinterpreting the text. Bremsstrhlung occurs when electrons are accelerated. Due to their much larger mass and charge, nuclei generally produce much greater acceleration of electrons than do electrons, and consequently greater radiation. For teaching purposes, this dominant cause is the one talked about. However, if you ...

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The Maxwell equations do not remain invariant in form when changing to a rotating coordinate system and therefore predictions made from them, like the Larmor radiation formula, cannot be held to be true anymore. While that sentence is sufficient to answer your question, if you want to dive deeper, here are some quick resources: ...

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How can I convince myself that wavefunctions of electrons on molecular orbitals are indeed standing waves? Actually, it's better not to. In modern Quantum Physics the idea of electrons as standing waves is increasingly seen as no more than an analogy and not a very good one either. In some cases like this system it's a rather compelling one but even ...

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Yes a positron can decay without encountering an electron. But it must encounter another particle because as it is said in another answer, the positron is a stable particle (in the vacuum), so it cannot decay on its own. An example of "decay" not involving an electron: $$e^+ + \mu^- \to \bar{\nu_e} +\nu_{\mu}$$ this decay proceeds via the weak interaction (a ...

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Electrons jump out of their orbit when they gain enough energy to escape the attraction from nucleus. This energy can be pumped in by us or when electrons collide elastically they transform energy. Conductors and semi-conductors work because electrons jump out of their orbit by getting energy.Movement of electrons is what conducts current. (This is my ...

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Quantum interactions behave in a much more wave-like way than a pinball model would suggest. The interactions are quantised, which is where a lot of the particle-like behaviour comes from, but until an interaction depends on the specific position of the electron, it will continue to behave much more like a wavy cloud than a ball. The pinball will also fail ...

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The shorter the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave the more energy it carries, when it hits an atom and gets absorbed the electron gains kinetic energy and jumps to higher energy state. This happens only if the energy of the photon is equal (within the width of the energy levels) to the difference between the energy levels. The "gaining kinetic ...

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It appears to me that you are slightly confused with regards to the concept of current in conductors. Now, if I only choose one side of this rectangle, and apply external electrical field ∑ only to it, what EMF would I create on the conductor? I would simply say ∑, however then I had the following idea, and I started to doubt if I create 2∑ instead ...

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To keep the electrons flowing, you need to connect the anode and cathode of the tube to a suitable circuit. If the cathode is at a sufficiently negative voltage compared with the anode, then the electrons being emitted by the cathode will be constantly replaced with new ones.

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