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2

One way to study this case is through the numerical analysis of diffraction, as described in my other answer to you. You can also do this pretty much as you describe through Huygens's principle or as Feynman describes in his popular QED book. If you set up an equation to describe what you've said, you'll see that the amplitude at a point with transverse ...

2

To understand this explanation, you need to understand Fourier decomposition of the electromagnetic field. In any homogeneous medium, any electromagnetic field can be thought of as a linear superposition of plane waves, all in different directions. Because they run in different directions, the phase delays they undergo in propagating from, say, your ...

-1

So this was the answer given in the key:

1

It depends on "how monochromatic" a source you need for your current use. Further, you can have multiple modes of a single wavelength. Using a Fabry-Perot etalon can clean up things a bit. But if your question is not how to achieve, but rather how to evaluate, your source, then you will be limited by the resolution of your spectrometer, or the peak-spacing ...

0

You should keep in mind that true monochromatic light is not possible due to uncertainty principle. The emission will be always a band with a certain width which depends on temperature and other technological factors. The best thing to do is to use a high resolution spectrometer and take a spectrum of your laser, taking the necessary precautions not to ...

5

Actually, it can be theoretically derived from D'Alembert equation (that is satisfied by each component of ${\bf E}$ and ${\bf B}$ in absence of sources in view of free Maxwell equations). The idea is to compute the field (any component of ${\bf E}$ or ${\bf B}$) in $p$, when it is generated by a spherical point source localized in $q$ emitting a spherical ...

2

In Fraunhofer diffraction, the farfield pattern is proportional to the spatial Fourier transform of the input field, so the tilt on the input field simply translates the diffraction pattern transversely. A tilt corresponds to multiplying the input field by $\exp(i\,\vec{k}_0\cdot\vec{r})$ where $\vec{k}_0$ is the wavevector showing the nominal propagation ...

1

The confusion comes because you are thinking of probability waves, which is what the interference pattern from elementary particles through the double slit experiment are, as if they are classical waves. Current day physics accepts that the fundamental framework of nature is quantum mechanical. Classical mechanics, classical electromagnetism are emergent ...

0

$\sin \theta = (m \lambda)/d = (5 \times 1228^{-6})/(1/600) = 3.684$ $d = (1/600)\times 3 = 0.005 \lambda = (d \sin \theta) /m = (0.005 \times 3.684)/4 = 0.004605\: \mathrm{mm} = 4605\: \mathrm{nm}$

0

It is the atoms (more precisely, the electrons of the atoms) that contribute to X-ray diffraction. The aperture comparison could work, but you should see the atoms themselves as the apertures. You can invoke the separation between structure factor (given by the lattice) and form factor (given by the shape of the repeating unit, in your case the atoms). The ...

0

Yes, there is such a point. The precise formula varies as a function of the scattering geometry, but if we consider a special case: normal incidence on a flat sample and small scattering/diffraction angle it is quite simple: the scattered intensity is proportional with the sample thickness $d$ but it gets attenuated as $\exp(-\mu d)$ (the Beer-Lambert ...

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