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Yes, there are more unknowns than equations. You do not have sufficient information to solve for the requested quantities. Someone might be playing a prank on you! In reality, each ball and each paddle would have a specific finite stiffness, and one could use this information along with some clever math to determine the final velocities of all the bodies. ...

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The collision doesn't happen at a single point in space - rather the colliding objects exert a forces on each other over a distance as they approach and the recede. Consider a tennis ball hitting a racket - the ball and the strings of the racket deform and we get an increasing elastic restoring forces until the two objects at at their closest approach. ...

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Work (or energy) is transferred from one particle to another, but the net effect is no change overall. How? Consider a collision force acting between two particles over a small time frame. During that time frame the particles move, and the work done on one particle is ${\rm d}W_1 = \boldsymbol{F} \cdot {\rm d}\boldsymbol{x}_1$. Since an equal and opposite ...

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For a 2D planar simulation with zero friction do the following Definitions Each body has 3 degrees of freedom. These are $(x_1,y_1,\theta_1)$ and $(x_2,y_2,\theta_2)$ defined at the center of mass. Each body has mass and mass moment of inertia. These are $m_1$, $m_2$ and $Iz_1$, $Iz_2$. The contact is at point A with coordinates $(x_A,y_A)$ and with ...

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You can only have an inelastic collision between two bodies if one or both of the bodies have some internal degrees of freedom that can absorb energy. For example if you have a rigid sphere then the only type of energy it can possess is kinetic energy. If we collide two rigid spheres then conservation of energy means the sum of the kinetic energies before ...

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We consider friction to an impulsive force, in cases when normal force is impulsive. Here's how:We know that $f=\mu N$(only during slipping motion, for no slipping frictional force is equal to applied force RESISTING friction). Since friction is proportional to normal reaction, it will be impulsive only when normal force is impulsive.Thus, if in a situation ...

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Very generally speaking, a crater is about 10 times the diameter of the meteor, with a direct hit. so at some 950 km in diameter, we can guesstimate a crater roughly covering 9,500 km, which is 1/4 the way around the Earth. If we give an impact speed of slightly greater than escape velocity of 12-13 km/s, it would take over a minute to complete it's ...

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