# Tag Info

29

Sometimes it is easier to understand circuitry in the context of water. What you're imagining is two tanks of water of equal size linked together by a pipe that has been sealed off. If one tank holds 5% water and the other holds 35% water, when you remove the seal, the tanks equalize and you end up with 20% in both tanks. What you're forgetting is that ...

24

The key here is the voltage of both the batteries. The battery in the phone is generally at a voltage of 3.7V. The battery pack has a higher voltage or a circuit which gives a voltage of 5V to your phone. So, as long as the voltage with which you charge the phone is higher than that of the battery, the percentage of power in it doesn't matter and the phone ...

21

Connecting your phone to the battery pack doesn't directly connect the cells in parallel. I assume this is where your guess of an equilibrium with equal voltage -> equal charge percentage comes from. Shorting lithium-ion / lithium-polymer (LiPo) cells together like that would likely cause one or both to literally catch fire from the high currents, or from ...

10

The problem with "weak charges" is that electroweak symmetry is spontaneously broken. Before the symmetry breaking, electroweak symmetry is described by an $SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ gauge group.This amounts to three charges: weak hypercharge $Y$ for $U(1)_Y$ and weak isospin (total isospin $T$ and third component $T_3$) for the $SU(2)_L$. Some examples of ...

7

You're mixing a few things up here. When you say "three" for the strong force, you're counting the number of colors of quarks, but when you guess "three" for the weak force, you're counting the number of force carriers. These are two different things. For example, if you counted the number of gluons (the force carriers for the strong force), you'd get ...

7

I think this is one of those situations where it is cleanest to think relativistically and concentrate on gravity as spacetime geometry, not gravity as a force. If the stress energy tensor's components reach a such a magnitude that an horizon forms, then the mass/energy inside the horizon is doomed to stay inside evermore. This is a question of spacetime ...

5

Voltage is not any part of this explanation. The answer is that each battery pack stores a certain amount of energy. This is measured in joules. At its most basic level your phone battery has a certain capacity in joules, you external battery bank also has a capacity in joules. When you charge the battery you are transferring a certain number of joules from ...

5

For an iPhone the battery voltage is a nominal 3.8 V and the battery pack would probably replicate the 5 V output voltage of a USB power supply. So the battery pack would be discharged as it was driving current into the positive terminal of the phone battery and thus recharge the phone battery. So only when the battery pack voltage was less than the ...

5

The strong force is responsible for neutron stars not becoming black holes. Although attractive at nuclear densities, it becomes repulsive at somewhat higher densities. This repulsion is many times greater than the electromagnetic repulsion between protons at similar densities. Yet we know that if a star is too large, it's supernova event will lead to a ...

4

I would say two, which is pleasantly consistent with the $SU(2)$ structure of the weak force. One is the coupling strength with the $Z$ boson, and one is the weak isospin which is raised and lowered by the $W^\pm$.

4

This question has already been answered by a Randall Monroe of XKCD and Dr. Cindy Keeler of the Niels Bohr Institute. It forms a Naked Singularity. Which is an infinitely dense object, from which light can escape. Source: https://what-if.xkcd.com/140/ You Reissner–Nordström metric for this question, as opposed to the more well known Schwarzschild metric. ...

4

If we assume that velocities are well below the relativistic region then in the absence of radiation the equation of motion of the electron is simply: $$\frac{d^2x}{dt^2} = \frac{Eq}{m} \tag{1}$$ where $E$ is the field strength and $q$ and $m$ are the electron charge and mass. As Lawrence says, the power emitted as radiation is given by the Larmour ...

3

The Larmor formula comes from the Poynting vector $$\vec S = \frac{c}{4\pi}\vec E\times\vec B$$ The electric field in a relativistic content is derived with the Lienard-Weichert potential $$\vec E = q\frac{\hat n - (\vec v/c)}{\gamma^2(1 - \vec v\cdot\hat n)^3r^2} + \frac{q}{c}\frac{\hat n \times((\hat n - (\vec v/c)))\times\vec v_t/c}{\gamma^2(1 - \vec v\... 2 Your statement is correct. The charge distribution is such that the hollow cavity of the conductor has a equal amount of negative charge induced on its inner part. This distribution is such that field due the cavity (including the charge inside the cavity) cancels out everywhere outside the cavity. So looking it the other way around external sources do not ... 2 How come in all my EM courses...I never had to account for this loss of energy in the form of EM waves? In the simple examples shown in introductory courses, the loss of energy of charged particle moving in external field via radiation is neglected, because radiation of EM waves is a difficult topic and even if it is not neglected, it can be shown its ... 2 The phenomenon you are talking about is called dielectric absorption. The way it works is this: Let's say you've just discharged a capacitor. An ideal capacitor would remain at zero volts after this. However, in real life, the capacitor will develop a small voltage from time-delayed dipole discharging (also known as dielectric relaxation). Dielectric ... 2 Start by noting that the electrical potential is an energy per unit charge. In an electric field E the field produces a force on a charge Q of:$$ F=EQ $$so if we move the charge a distance dr the work done is just force times distance or:$$ W=EQ\,dr  The work done per unit charge is $E\,dr$, and this is what we mean by the change in the ...

1

The sign of the force direction is just given by convention as $q \vec{v} \times \vec{B}$. Whilst the direction of the force on the particles is clearly something that can be measured, the sign of the charge and the direction of the magnetic field lines are man-made constructs. For example you would get the same direction for the force if we decided that ...

1

Long ago somebody decided that the direction of "conventional" current flow was the same direction as the direction of flow of positive charges. In that convention the flow of negative charge in one direction is equivalent to the flow of positive charge (and hence the conventional current) in the opposite direction. When introduced electricity usually ...

1

In principle any acceleration of an electron causes some radiation, and an electron has to accelerate in order to leak from one plate to the other. However: the velocities, and therefore the accelerations, of electrons in electrical circuits are small. Calculating the electron drift velocity is an exercise routinely given to students and the results tend ...

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