# All Questions

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### why dosen't a charged particle radiate energy in circular motion in a uniform magnetic field?

I have studied in my Physics course that one of the drawbacks of Rutherford's atomic model was that when an electron will revolve around the nucleus, it is undergoing acceleration and so it should ...
680 views

### Will ideal gas law apply to plasma?

I have read that plasma is a state of matter that resembles gas but it consists of ions and electrons coexisting. So my question is : If plasma is just ionized gas, will ideal gas law apply for it ?
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### How realistic is the game “A slower speed of light”?

The game "A slower speed of light" from MIT claims to simulate effects of special relativity: Visual effects of special relativity gradually become apparent to the player, increasing the ...
158 views

### Spinors Under Spatial Reflection

How eq(4.4) is a solution of eq(4.3)
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### How relative humidity and temperature affect rainfalls

The question is simple as stated in the title. How relative humidity and temperature affect rainfalls? I can't find a satisfatory answer in the web. Who can help me to understand me this relation?
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### Energy spectrum of a Dirac electron

How do you explain easily "The spectrum of an electron in a repulsive potential " and hence "bound state of charge conjugation" in Dirac hole theory ?
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### 7 sphere, is there any physical interpretation of exotic spheres?

Basically an exotic sphere is topologically a sphere, but doesn't look like a one. Or more accurately: homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to the standard Euclidean n-sphere The first exotic ...
701 views

### Understanding the math behind a falling object attached to a parachute

I'm trying to understand the mathematics behind calculating the total speed and force of a $40 kg_f$ object hooked up to a parachute, falling to Earth. From what I understand, the formula for this is ...
272 views

### Computer Science Modeling of Physical World

I am curious what efforts have been made to date to define virtual computer worlds based on the physics we know in the real world? I think it would be awesome to say start off with an atom defining ...
784 views

### Is the time reversed laser really a laser?

I'm looking at the time reversed laser and I was having trouble understanding why we call this device a laser. To me this device is more like the absorbers found in FDTD codes, something like a CPML. ...
165 views

### Wilson lines, boundary conditions, surface defects of TQFTs

I asked the following question in mathematics stack exchange but I'd like to have answers from physicists too; I have been studying (extended) topological quantum field theories (in short TQFTs) from ...
332 views

### How does the dressed Klein-Gordon propagator look in position space?

The free Klein-Gordon propagator in momentum space $\sim (p^2-m^2+i\epsilon)^{-1}$ has just a single pole at $p^2=m^2$. The passage to Fourier space is difficult but possible. The result is very ...
251 views

### Logical requirement of newton's third law [duplicate]

I'm describing a hypothetical universe. I'm assuming that the first law of newton holds true, that means there exists a inertial reference frame. Now the universe has three bodies. Second law is ...
455 views

### Gas kinetic representation of trans-critical conditions

From a molecular point of view, can we think of the super-critical conditions as conditions where T and p are large enough that the collisions of gas molecules are frequent and powerful enough to ...
857 views

I have a very simple problem: There is a charge $-q$ at $(0, 0, d)$ and $(0, 0, -d)$ as well a charge $2q$ at $(0, 0, 0)$. I have to calculate the quadrupole moment using spherical coordinates. I use ...
267 views

### Why is the spinor wave function of graphene what it is?

Why is the spinor wave function of graphene $[e^{-i\theta/2}, e^{i\theta/2}]$? Could it be $[e^{-i\theta/}, 1]$?
347 views

### Is NaCl vapour plasma?

Yesterday I asked a question at Chemistry SE, which is if the molten NaCl molecules have enough energy to break into free moving ions, won't be the Na Cl vapor contain free moving ions? So, I've got ...
371 views

### What do the supercharges in extended supersymmetry do?

What do the supercharges in extended supersymmetry do? In $N=1$ supersymmetry there are a certain number of fermions and and equal number of bosons. You can transform all fermions to the bosons (and ...
288 views

### Definition of Fine-Tuning

I've looked in and out the forum, and found no precise definition of the meaning of fine-tuning in physics. QUESTION Is it possible to give a precise definition of fine-tuning? Of course, I guess ...
607 views

### More than one time dimension

We know that space-time dimensions are 3+1 macroscopically, but what if 2+2? Obviously it is tough to imagine two time dimensions, but mathematically we can always imagine as either having two ...
425 views

### Kerr geodesics differential equations in equatorial plane

With friend, we are writing an interactive educational simulation of particle falling into a black hole. Currently we use Schwarzschild geodesics. However, we want to generalize it to the case of ...
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### Why is the binding energy per nucleon not zero for hydrogen atom?

The lone proton has not to be worked on against any electrostatic force. So where does the energy come from? What is mass defect for a hydrogen nucleus?
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### Is spacetime flat inside a spherical shell?

In a perfectly symmetrical spherical hollow shell, there is a null net gravitational force according to Newton, since in his theory the force is exactly inversely proportional to the square of the ...
646 views

### Spin 3/2 Statistical Mechanics Problem

I am trying to solve a problem from the book 'Introductory Statistical Mechanics' (Bowley, Sanchez). The question reads: Calculate the free energy of a system of N particles, each with spin 3/2 with ...
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### Orbital momentum and spin transfer through gauge mediator

I study the jellium model: conduction electrons free except for their mutual repulsion. We have the following vertex: ...
193 views

### How does the weight force distribute in roughly kite like kinematic to determine torques

I have a kinematic model like the simplified following image. Assume that all points are fixed. I'm interested in how the force $\vec{m}$ distributes across $a_2$ and $b_2$ up to $a_1$ and $b_1$. ...
108 views

### What else does the fabric of space-time do?

I know that, the fabric of space is bended so there is a path for another planet to follow to cause gravity I.E. the sun and the earth ( i think) Is htere any othe rthing's the fabric of space-time ...
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### Range of electromagnetic waves

I was reading this article. There is a statement "It is a well-known fact that the telecom towers mounted with antennas in the lower frequency bands can cover far greater areas than those using the ...
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### Solving time dependent Schrodinger equation in matrix form

If we have a Hilbert space of $\mathbb{C}^3$ so that a wave function is a 3-component column vector $$\psi_t=(\psi_1(t),\psi_2(t),\psi_3(t))$$ With Hamiltonian $H$ given by H=\hbar\omega ...
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### Negative sign of acceleration [closed]

This is the problem from our Physics textbook : A player throws a ball upwards with an initial speed of 29.4 m s–1. (a) Choose the x = 0 m and t = 0 s to be the location and time of the ball at ...
607 views

### Projectile motion along the earth

Suppose a projectile is launched from the Earth's surface with initial velocity $v_0$ well below speed of light and initial angle $\theta_0$ with respect to the vertical line perpendicular to the ...
165 views

### Origin of Higgs ghosts

In M. Veltman's Diagrammatica, appendix E, one can find the full Standard Model lagrangian. Some sectors (e.g fermion-Higgs and weak sectors) contain so-called Higgs ghosts $\phi^+,\phi^-$ and ...
172 views

### Which came first, movement or heat?

According to my measly understanding of the universe, when particles hit one another, some of their kinetic energy is transformed into heat. But when we heat particles (for instance, putting a bucket ...
182 views

### Why is the world sheet of an open string a cylinder?

I went to a lecture a few weeks ago and was told the following: The world sheet of a closed string is a normal, standing cylinder. The world sheet of an open string is a cylinder on its side. This ...
4k views

### Boussinesq approximation for the Navier Stokes' equation - discrepancy

In the Navier Stokes' equation: $\rho_0 \left( \frac{\partial v}{\partial t} + v \cdot \nabla v\right) = -\nabla p + \mu \nabla^2 v + \hat{f}$ I included the temperature variation of density as ...
541 views

### Realization of Witten-type topological quantum field theory in condensed matter physics

It is well-known that some exotic phases in condensed matter physics are described by Schwarz-type TQFTs, such as Chern-Simons theory of quantum Hall states. My question is whether there are condensed ...