# All Questions

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### Any good reference on Maslov index (or Morse index)?

Any good reference on Maslov index (or Morse index)? I have some basic knowledge of differential geometry, calculus of variation. So is there any good reference for me?
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### What size aluminum foil capacitor would power an LED?

Inspired by this video where a $9 \mu F$ capacitor is made from aluminum foil, if I had students put this together in a classroom, one question I would have is what would it take to have this power an ...
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### When can we assume a body to behave like a black body?

In an experiment I estimated the temperature of a Tungsten bulb filament measuring the resistance of it, and tried to verify whether the power of the filament is proportional to the fourth power of ...
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### Gravity dual of N free scalars in 2D

I have a very basic (and might be very naive) question. What should be the dual gravity description of $N$ (with $N>>1$) free scalars in two dimensions? I was wondering whether it would be ...
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### On deriving a fluid flow pressure drop model using either physical theory or empirical methods

I'm trying to derive a model from physical principles of fluid flow, a simple quadratic model that tends to well fit actual pressure-flow data. For (real) subsonic air flow (ideally adiabatic) ...
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### Relation between renormalisation matrix and anomalous dimension

I need an relation between the renormalization constant matrix and the anamalous dimension matrix. Now I found the following derivation \begin{split} \gamma (a_\mu) &= ...
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### Mass, Spin, Internal Energy and 1-Particle States in Galilean Quantum Mechanics

I have been reading an article discussing the unitary representation of Galilean group and non-relativistic quantum mechanics. The link to the article is given below. http://arxiv.org/abs/1107.2442 ...
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### How to arrive on the diffraction pattern for the double slit experiment using path integrals for the Gaussian slit case?

I wish to take the path integral route to derive the diffraction pattern for the double slit experiment using the Gaussian slits as the nature of the slits. The kernel looks like: ...
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### Off resonance operation of tightly coupled coils for maximum efficiency?

On Wireless Power Consortium webpage there is an article about Magnetic Resonance. These paragraphs in the page surprised me: You might expect that operating tightly coupled coils at resonance ...
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### Finding the configuration space and degrees of freedom of spherical pendulum

Suppose we have a spherical pendulum tethered to the origin in $\mathbb{R}^3$ where the length of the rod is a time varying function $l(t)$. What is the configuration space of this system, and how ...
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### Ramsey pulse versus optical pumping: what's the difference?

A Ramsey pulse is a coherent process, where the electronic states of for example an ion (or some other two-level-system) are coupled to a laser field. By tuning the laser precisely, we can coherently ...
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### What is the best material for a flat heated surface

I am facing an application where I need to find a plate material that is very flat ( < 400microns per m flatness) And can resist temperature up to 200C while being lightweight and resiste thermal ...
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### What is the strongest material transparent to alpha radiation?

Is there a material which is transparent to alpha radiation while being able to hold up under atmospheric pressure on one side and ultra high vacuum on the other? Put simply, what material is thin ...
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### Anomaly polynomial of Hitchin system $\mathcal{N}=2$ 4d SQFT

I would like to ask about mathematical background of this object. So, I am trying to puzzle out with 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ SQFT. As far as I can gather this theory can be described in terms of ...
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### why do edge states in Graphene exist between the Valence and Conduction band?

I read in a review that there are 2 Dirac points in graphene, where the conduction band and valence band touch each other. Near these points electrons obey a linear dispersion relation. Breaking of ...
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### Is Lorentz Transformation about the difference of coordinates or coordinates of itself?

I have seen different authorities talking about different interpretation of Lorentz transformation. In his book 'Introduction to Classical Mechanics', David Morin states We always talk about eh ...
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### Derivative of deformation gradient with respect to Green-Lagrangian strain?

For hyperelastic material, the elastic energy $\Psi$ is related to the deformation gradient $F$ and other internal variables (e.g. temperature $\theta$) In many literatures (including Malvern's and ...
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### Dependence of scattering amplitudes on Mandelstam variables

It is well-known that scattering amplitudes in QFT are tensors, hence e.g. scalar amplitudes /written in momentum space/ depend only on the Mandelstam variables of the external momenta, involved in ...
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### What happens to quantum fluctuations near the schwarzschild radius?

I was reading about Feynman Diagrams and have gotten the impression that particle/anti-particle pairs are created fairly often given a large space. The surface area of a sphere with a radius equal to ...
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### CP odd Higgs coupling to bosons

It is stated that CP-odd Higgs does no couple to vector bosons at tree level. Terms like $A V_\mu V^\mu$ (where V is W or Z) can only appear through loop diagrams (and if they appear at tree-level, ...
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I have been trying to solve a Lindblad Equation and then thought about whether there is a closed form Lindblad Equation solution for most types. Googling hasn't lead me to anything useful. So, is ...
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### No bottom quark in parton distribution function

CTEQ6M Parton Distribution: http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Introduction_to_Parton_Distribution_Functions My understanding is that bottom/top quarks can exist (at least temporarily) as ...
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### Holographic dual of pure-classical systems

There are classical systems (eg. see Sections VII and VIII of Kogut's review) that shares many of the properties of a pure-gauge SU(N) quantum theory including factorization and mass-gap, but with ...
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### Gravitational lensing on galaxy cluster with given potential

I am having a problem with gravitational lensing question where we are interested in deflection angle of light traveling in potential of galactic cluster, described with tensor ...
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### Has there been any research done in fluid dynamics within a mobius strip?

I was wondering if there has been any research done with the flow of fluid within a mobius strip? The reason I am interested is, assuming the fluid would flow around a center axis point, at certain ...
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### Lorentz factor correction for luminosity

I am looking at the physics behind gamma ray bursts, working through a comprehensive review Kumar & Zhang (2014) (arXiv link). On page 92, Eq (111) the luminosity or a relativistically expanding ...
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### What is the difference between Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) black hole and dyonic black hole?

A RN black hole is a black hole with electric charge, and a dyonic black hole with both electric charge and magnetic charge. My Questions: Is the above statement correct? Is the charges the unique ...
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### References on deformation quantization

I'm looking for books or introductory review papers or lecture notes on the topic of deformation quantization. (And preferably, geometric quantization as well.) I'm mainly interested in the ...
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### Equation of state of a universe full electrons

If I have a universe full of nothing but (slow moving) electrons, what would the equation of state ($w$, from $p=w\rho$) be? I think it would be incorrect to say that the electrons should be treated ...
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### Variable wavelength LED

Does there exist a type of LED (or other type of light source) that can change it's wavelength depending on the current/voltage it receives on a second wire? If not, would something like this even be ...
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### Why topological strings have to be closed or infinite?

Let's assume spontaneously broken global $U(1)$ group. During phase transition global topological strings are formed. Why they have to be infinite or closed (there doesn't exist finite strings)?
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### Weyl's (and others') Unitary Basis

Galitski's Exploring Quantum Mechanics says (on p.29) 'the number of (linearly) independent unitary ($N$-dimensional) matirces is also $N^2$'. Since the set of unitary matrices does not form a vector ...
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### Effects of light wavelength on the Hamiltonian of the FMO complex

Recently, I have been interested in the energy transfer within the FMO complex. I was wondering, how could the wavelength of the light that excites the complex affect the energy transfer efficiency. ...
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### Difference between a tap and a hosepipe

When the flow of water through a tap is blocked by the fingers, the water does not increase in velocity whereas the velocity of water increases when the same is done tp a hosepipe. Both involve the ...
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### Given a VEV how can I compute which generators remain unbroken using tensor methods?

This is a follow up to this question. A generator $T_a$ of a given gauge group $G$ remains unbroken after some Higgs field $\Phi$ gets a vev if $$T_a \langle\Phi\rangle =0$$ I'm trying to ...
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### Any textbook about non-renormalizability of gravity?

I have learned general relativity in a graduate-level. My knowledge about QFT is very rudimentary. But, I need to learn about non-renormalizability of gravity. I have these questions. Is there any ...
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### Variation of quadratic term in modified Einstein-Hilbert actions

In the context of mimetic gravity at some point one try to add to an already modified Einstein-Hilbert action also a term like $$S_\chi=\int\,d^4x\,\sqrt{-g}\frac{1}{2}\gamma\chi^2,\qquad(\star)$$ ...
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### Expression of heat by the Brownian motion

folks. I was reading a paper from PRE and I'm not sure what's going on about the following equation. So for the system composed of two heat baths governed by Brownian motion, the entropy change of the ...
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### What is the critical diameter ratio of a cone shaped reducer before air overflows

Let's assume we have a cone shaped cylindrical reducer with $D_1$ inlet and $D_2$ outlet diameter (funnel). Air flows through it with velocity $v_1$ at inlet and $v_2$ at outlet. With the velocity ...