# All Questions

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### In spontaneous symmetry breaking, global symmetry broken by gauged subgroup?

My question is simple. Given a group $G$ broken to a subgroup $H$, gauging a possibly different subgroup Hg breaks explicitly the global symmetry $G$, generating what is known as pseudo-Goldstone ...
111 views

### Are the forces I'm using correct? (ball in air) [closed]

I have been working on a program which should simulate all the forces on a spherical object. Right now those are balls, but they can easily be changed to something else. These are the formulas I use ...
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### The mighty man and the bridge [duplicate]

Let us say we have a mighty man crossing a bridge, carrying 4 bags of concrete, each of which weighs 50 pounds. Let us say, for the sake of the argument, that the mighty man himself weighs 300 ...
2k views

### Variational Derivation of Schrodinger Equation

In reading Weinstock's Calculus of Variations, on pages 261 - 262 he explains how Schrodinger apparently first derived the Schrodinger equation from variational principles. Unfortunately I don't ...
739 views

### Is String Theory proven to be finite?

I read Lee Smolin's book "The trouble with physics" and the book says that the finiteness of string theory ( or string pertubative theory) is by no means a proven mathematical fact, despite that the ...
43 views

### Bulk transport of an aerosol by a blast wave

I'm trying to model the behaviour of aerosols in response to blast waves. (This is for visual effects.) Intuitively, if a flare left a smoke trail above a field and then a bomb detonated elsewhere ...
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### What is the phase difference of the oscillations of the two prongs of a tuning fork? [duplicate]

What is the phase difference of the oscillation of a tuning fork?
222 views

### Electron revolving in an atom

When an electron revolves around the nucleus in P or d-orbitals why does not it collide with the nucleus. I mean to say that the shape of the orbital narrows near the nucleus , so shouldn't it collide ...
372 views

### How do individual photons make up an EM wave?

I'm trying to understand the connection between the wave model and the particle model for light. It's understood that the energy of a photon is given by E=hf, but from my understanding of fourier ...
346 views

### Photons-Wave/particle duality

I know that photons and electrons and such are said to have a wave particle duality, but what does that mean for a photon? When light strikes an object, are many photons emitted, enough to draw ...
2k views

### Solving the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV) equation

The Pressure of a static spherical object (say star), which has the Schwarzchild metric outside it, satisfies the following differential equation called the TOV equation. ...
796 views

### How do spiral arms form?

Why aren't all spinning galaxies shaped as discs as my young mind would expect? I understand how the innermost parts of a galaxy spin faster than the outer parts, and that could explain why some ...
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### Total angular momentum in multielectron atoms

I have some confusion about orbitals in multielectron atoms. Let's say we consider an atom (Lithium, for example, $1s^2\, 2p^1$) and that the state of the last electron is [n=2, l=1, ml=0, s=1/2, ...
905 views

### Noether current for a local gauge transformation for the Klein-Gordon Lagrangian

The Noether current corresponding to the transformation $\phi \to e^{i\alpha} \phi$ for the Klein-Gordon Lagrangian density $$\mathcal{L}~=~|\partial_{\mu}\phi|^2 -m^2 |\phi|^2$$ by finding ...
222 views

### Magnetic Susceptibility at Arbitrary Temperature

I'm currently working on an assignment where the questions is: Consider a gas of N noninteracting electrons in a uniform magnetic field B = B$\hat{z}$ in a macroscopic system. Assume that the ...
678 views

### Solution of 1-D Schrodinger equation for the potential $V(x) = -\frac{1}{|x|}$

May be this question might have already been asked but i couldn't find it, so let me know if its already there. Consider a potential, $V(x) = -\frac{1}{|x|}$ and if we apply this to a one dimensional ...
194 views

### Conservation of energy

I have given one-dimensional motion of the particle directed horizontally. A problem says: "...Show that for this given motion Conservation of Energy Law holds.". Since Energy can intuitively ...
125 views

### Cutoff regularization: Why not cutoff exactly at the momentum reached in an experiment?

So far I have only actually calculated dimensional regularization and I just know about the idea of cutoff regularization. From what I understand, as the name suggests, you just ignore momentum as ...
134 views

### Spontaneous symmetry breaking by axions?

I am just reading at the beginnin of this nice article, that axions could be responsible for spontaneously breaking of a symmetry in the early universe. Does anybody know which symmetry is alluded to ...
178 views

### Heat Sink Design-Choice of Material [closed]

I am currently designing a heat sink for OPA 549. Among the many considerations, for example, the choice of material, the geometry of heat sink, the design of fins and all the parameters that come ...
337 views

### simple MHD simulation code for (self) education and play with [closed]

I would like some super simple computational code for solving magnetohydrodynamics problems. High accuracy nor performance is not my concern. I wan't it just to visually explore qualitative behavior ...
268 views

### Anyons without fractional spin?

Is it possible to have particles obeying anyonic statistics but not having fractional spin? I am wondering, because while spin in quantum physics arises from the geometry/topology of spacetime, ...
61 views

### Is there a name for a quantity that represents (volumetric) flow per unit of mass?

In a lot of medical literature about blood flow in the brain, researchers denote the amount of volumetric blood flow that passes through a certain amount of brain tissue as "cerebral blood flow". ...
937 views

### Can we apply Schrodinger equation in Newton Gravitational potential and derive the deterministic Newton's gravitation as a special case of it

We know the solutions for wave functions of a an hydrogen atom, and the energy values as given by spectral analysis of radiation emitted by Hydrogen, confirms the possible energy states as predicted ...
855 views

### Physics of a hologram and its Fundamental Limitations

I understand the basic principle behind holography as the interference of a scattered wave with a reference beam which is captured using a photographic plate. The photographic plate is further used to ...
2k views

### Is there an inherent difference between solids, liquids, and gases?

I know that at very large scales, solids behave like liquids, which is why planets are round, rather than knobbly. I also understand that you can pour some gases, and, if I have this right, that the ...
215 views

### Why and how maximum force is $\frac{dF}{dx}=0$

In an certain question my teacher asked to find the maximum force. She said that the maximum force in electrostatics means $\frac{dF}{dx}=0$. Why is it like that?
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### Planck length implies lattice structure of space? [duplicate]

There is known to be a lower limit on space, which can be derived from the Planck units. It can describe the minimum distance resolvable between two points; but what then would the structure of space ...
170 views

### The heat equation in relation to smoothing algorithm

Recently I learned about a technique in image processing, which has its roots in something called the 'heat equation' from physics. The original creators of this technique were inspired by the physics ...
326 views

### Spin degeneracy in perturbation theory

In pag. 270 of Griffith's "Introduction to Quantum Mechanics" a perturbative method for finding relativist correction to the energy levels of the Hydrogen athom is exposed. It is asserted, if I ...
98 views

### Virtual Particles and Quantum Brownian Motion

Does the frequency of virtual particles (creation/annihilation) match with nucleus random paths - known as Quantum Brownian Motion?
146 views

### Closed form for shape/tension of an elastic cable slung between two points

Given the 2D coordinates of two points, $a$ and $b$, between which an elastic cable of known length, $l$, mass per unit length, $m$, and the spring constant, $e$, is slung, I need to compute the shape ...
It is known that the Coulomb potential can be obtained by Fourier transform of the propagator from E&M. Is this because one of Maxwell's equations have the form $\nabla \cdot \mathbf{E}=\rho$?