# All Questions

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### Why must the final state be stationary?

I faced the following sentences: We consider a gravitational collapse taking place in this spacetime. The singularity theorems assure us that a singularity will form. The assumption that the ...
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### Reflections in Rearview Mirror

Why is it that in the reflection in the rear view mirror of your vehicle in the car behind you The driver is on the drivers side and the passenger is on the passenger side and when they raise thier ...
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### Classical Mechanics - Allowed systems

I've edited my question to clear any possible confusing parts: This an exercise from the book "The Theoretical minimum", I'm paraphrasing. In classical mechanics, dynamical laws must be reversible ...
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### Can a long salt bath increase water retention?

So it's Thanksgiving here in the states and an odd combination of things are on my mind. In the past day, I've Brined a turkey whole, skin on Taken a long epsom salt bath (Same thing, right? What ...
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### Faradays law for a falling magnet

If experimentally it can be proven that the velocity of a falling magnet through a coil is proportional to the emf induced, has it also been proven that dB/dt is proportional to the emf induced and ...
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### What is the true electric potential at the terminals of a battery?

I recently studied Laplace's equation and numerical methods for solving it, and so I'm trying to simulate an electron gun. (assuming cylindrical symmetry on the Wehnelt, anode, and beam.) The setup ...
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### What are the criteria to have rutherford backscattering?

Assuming there is an incident beam(i.e. $p$ or $\alpha$) and a target. How can I be sure if a rutherford backscattering will take place? I know that for high $Z$ it more likely to happen as well as ...
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### Why does a particle fall in a straight line?

In Lagrangian Mechanics we choose the path of least action. Given a uniform gravitational field, and a particle of finite mass; and fixing two points the start & end-point we consider all paths ...
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### Molecular formula of a compund [closed]

I have no idea on how to get information out of this one. A compound contains only hydrogen and nitrogen. Nitrogen makes up for 87.4% of the mass. A sample of this have a density of 0.977 g/L at ...
247 views

### Spinors and Probabilities of Electron-Positron Pair

Question: An electron and positron are moving in opposite directions, and are in the spin singlet state. Two Stern-Gerlach machines are orientated in some ...
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### Temperature-induced wavelength shift of optical coatings?

Optical coatings designed for reflection or anti-reflection are made of many thin layers which will expand when heated. What will the effect be on the wavelengths the coating will reflect when the ...
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### Mass is rigidity?

In General Relativity, a totally rigid body cannot be accelerated. It will behave like something of infinite mass. Similarly a body of two separated particles which connected to each other with a ...
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### Combining relativistic velocities in the same direction using Lorentz transformation matrices

It is known that when combining the Lorentz Transforms of two frames with velocities $v_{1}$ and $v_{2}$ in the same direction it is equivalent of computing a Lorentz Transform of a single frame with ...
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### Allowed interactions for the neutral weak vector boson

Just wanted to double check a couple of things for my own sanity! I am looking at scattering amplitudes for 2 partons going to two partons with the emission of a Z boson (eventually decaying to e+ ...
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### Absorption of radiation due to temperature

I was wondering if the temperature of an object affects the amount of radiation it absorbs. For example, if I have a box that is hotter, will it absorb more energy as compared to the same cooler box? ...
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### Changing effective mass to lower frequency

I'm trying to scale a physical object up in size, either double or quadruple. It's a circular acrylic plate, with multiple weights attached around it's edge, to lower the resonant frequency to a ...
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### Wien's Displacement Law for real bodies

It is known that for perfect blackbodies, $$\lambda T= c$$ where $\lambda= \text{peak wavelength}$ $T= \text{Absolute temperature}$ $c= \text{Wien's constant}$ ...
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### Experiment regarding myopic correction by a manipulation of fingers?

Here is a small experiment my tutor once told us for just amusement. It works for myopic people at least, and can be a good check to see if you have myopia. With your naked eye, ("remove the ...
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### Period of Interference Pattern on a Substrate

Can anybody explain to me where this equation came from? It's for two point sources at the two listed points, and it's calculating the period of the wave on the substrate. It seems to be ...
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### Ground State Wavefunction of Two Particles in a Harmonic Oscillator Potential

Question: Two identical, non-interacting spin-$1/2$ particles are in a 1D Harmonic Oscillator Potential. Their Hamiltonian is given by ...
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### Equation for relativistic electron and two-component spinor

Recently I heard that there is some "alternate" equation for the Dirac one. It can be introduced if we refuse some properties of the theory describes the electron, which Dirac used in his original ...
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### What happens to the physical properties of electrons after diffraction?

Particle Wave duality shows us that waves and particles are the same thing. Therefore electrons can be viewed as both particles and waves. The wave properties of electrons can be seen in the double ...
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### What is the effect of phase transition on the thermodynamic state variables of a material?

When a material undergoes a phase transition, it releases an amount of heat (under a specific temperature). So the effect of the phase transition on entropy would be equal to: \begin{align} ...
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### A few simple questions about Grassmann numbers: commutation relations and derivatives

I'm trying to learn about Grassmann numbers from the book "Condensed Matter Field Theory" by Altland and Simons, but I am currently encountering some difficulties. I have several smaller questions ...
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### Is thermal/heat energy the same thing as internal energy?

I learned that internal energy of an object is the sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of the molecules of the object. Is this energy the same thing as the heat energy the object contains?
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### Partition function for classical particle and quantum particle are the same?

Permutation for classical particle $$\Omega=\frac{N!}{\Pi n_i!}$$ By using Lagrange method of undetermined multiplier, we get $$n_i=Ae^{\frac{-E}{kT}}$$ Probability, $$p=\frac{n_i} {Z}$$ where we ...
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### What happens to chiral Majorana edge fermions near quantum phase transition in p+ip superconductors?

In the weakly-coupled BCS regime two-dimensional chiral (p+ip) spinless superconductors and superfluids posses a chiral gapless fermionic Majorana state localized near the boundary. This gapless edge ...
This question arose while reading Peskin and Schroeder, specifically, it arose in regards to the sum of diagrams above their Eq. (10.20) on pg. 326. The context is $\phi ^4$ theory and they are using ...