# All Questions

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### Movie Interstellar - Followup Question to Escape Velocity

Continuing the discussion on this thread: Movie Interstellar - Question about Escape Velocity The movie Interstellar shows people on a water planet where time is dilated so much that 1 hour is equal ...
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### Can you heat something in AL foil using IR?

Is it possible to heat up, let's say, a blob of mud, golf ball size, covered in AL foil, with IR? Also, how efficient would that be? Is there an IR wavelength that would get absorbed far better than ...
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### Coupled ODEs that model a quad rotor

I am working on modeling the vibrations of a quad rotor. The arms that support the rotors are fixed to a center plate; that is, it is pretty much a cantilever beam with an end load. Since this is the ...
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### Using aluminium foil as a reflection for UV at 240nm [closed]

Will aluminium foil or sheeting reflect UV light at 240nm being used as a disinfection cell for bacteria in water.
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### Moving frames - a blow on “virtual particles”?

There is a polemic about whether virtual particles EXIST, or are only a tool for making our calculi easier. Here is a doubt about their existence, and on the other hand, an argument in support of ...
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### Ambiguity in ordering of isospin states for Clebsch-Gordan coefficients

In studying isospin for nuclear physics, I am confused a bit by an ambiguity I found. If a process that goes from $K^- + p \rightarrow \Sigma^0+ \pi^0$, I can write the isospin for the left hand side ...
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### Finding the metric [closed]

If given the metric: $$ds^2=e^{2U}(dt+w_idx^i)^2-e^{-2U} d\overrightarrow{x}^2$$ where $w = w_idx^i$ is one form How to find the metric in order to find the inverse metric? The new thing about this ...
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### Streamlines for the velocity field $(x, y, 0)$?

Using the equation $$\frac{dx}{x} = \frac{dy}{y}$$ the streamlines for the velocity field $u = (x, y, 0)$ are given by $x = By$ where $B$ is some arbitrary constant. This will give us infinitely ...
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### Why does a photon take less than a week to come out of the convection zone of the sun?

Sun consists of three parts: Radiation zone, Convection zone, Photosphere . When photon is formed at the core, it has high energy equivalent to $\gamma$ ray. When it crosses the radiation zone, it ...
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### Rate of work done by fields in a finite volume

In Jackson's Classical Electrodynamics, the rate of work done by fields in a finite volume is defined as $$\int _{v}\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E}\,d^{3}x^{'}$$ How?
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### Darkest matter on Earth (“pure black”)

What is (for a human's eyes) the natural or synthetical matter on Earth (i.e. not in Space) that emits the least quantity of visible photons while being lightened by sunlight? In this matter, how is ...
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### Applying Euler Homogenous Function Theorem to $df$ or $f$

I am currently reading Demirel's Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics in order to learn more about entropy and nonequlibrium thermodynamics However I and stumped on how the author's do the following step: ...
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### How to find force acting on ferromagnetic material when it is placed in external magnetic field?

When we bring magnet towards ferromagnetic material ( like iron nails), then material gets attracted towards magnet. Since there is motion of material, there must be force acting on it. How to find ...
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### Relation between Curie temperature and exchange interaction's constant $J_\text{ex}$

I'm running a Monte Carlo simulation on a generic magnetic nanotube. In my results, I found out that the relation between the Curie temperature (that is, the temperature by which a ferromagnetic ...
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### Mass of NGC 1097 Galaxy

I've been looking all over the internet for this and can't seem to find a reference. Can anyone refer me to a paper citing the mass of NGC 1097 based on luminosity?
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Many textbooks related with GR, covers weak field approximation, (also called Linearized gravity). Since so far, i have been calculated many this with this $i.e$ $g_{\mu\nu}=\eta_{\mu\nu}+h_{\mu\nu}$ ...
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### Frequency of flute note heard using Doppler effect when both the source and observer are moving

Let us consider this scenario. A bicycle rider and a flute player are moving in the same direction at speeds 36 km/h and 18 km/h. The flute is producing a note of frequency 600 Hz. We need to find ...
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### What will I see if I travelled to a distant planet in 100 times faster than speed of light and look back? [closed]

Consider this scenario. I enter a space ship at 10:00 AM, it starts to move at a speed 100 times faster than light, I travel for 55 mins. And then slow down to very much less than speed of light and ...
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### Is getting the ground state of Edwards-Anderson model NP hard?

I know 1D and 2D Ising model has a general solution. And I also know getting the ground state of 2D Ising model with transverse field and 3D Ising model is NP-hard.[Onsager][Barahona] So my question ...
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### Movie Interstellar - Question about Escape Velocity

The movie Interstellar shows people on a water planet where time is dilated so much that 1 hour is equal to 7 years back on Earth. Even though they lift off from Earth using a Saturn-V two stage ...
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### Is quantum uncertainty a function of how matter is distributed in the universe?

As an outcome of his PhD thesis work, Richard Feynman and John Wheeler wrote a series of papers on how the kickback on an electron as it emits a photon can be modeled accurately as the result of an ...
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### What happens to K.E. in matter antimatter annihilation?

If I have two matter and antimatter particles, say an electron and a positron, each moving towards each other with a certain speed, they annihilate after the collision. Does the energy of the photons ...
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### Can we use combined symmetry to simplify the calculation of algebraic PSGs?

In classifying mean-field spin liquids under projective construction, the algebraic projective symmetry group (PSG) approach focus on the mathematical construction of the possible extensions of the ...
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### Reason behind formation of doublets in diffraction spectrum

like if you see is Sodium (and also in Mercury), there are two discrete lines of Yellow color.. What's the reason behind formation of doublets?
I am reading MTW page 407, Exercise 17.1. (a) Show that the most general second-rank, symmetric tensor constructable from Riemann and $g$, and linear in Riemann, is a R_{\alpha\beta} + b R ...