# All Questions

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### Incident angle and refracted angle

I came across this picture while studying about Huygens' principle and Laws of Refraction.In my book I saw that it is mentioned $\theta_1$ is the incident angle and $\theta_2$ is the refracted angle ...
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### Does matter shrink due to energy radiation and does it have anything to do with dark matter and dark energy?

Is matter shrinking? Is shrinking the cause of concentrated dark matter that makes up matter moving from concentration to unconcentration. Does dark energy and expansion of the universe come from this ...
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### Does Coriolis force effect a particle that has only a tangential velocity in a rotating frame?

Imagine a disc rotating at an angular velocity $\omega$, a particle on the disc which is attached to the disc so its also rotating at an angular velocity $\omega$. Now the particle has tangential ...
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### Are magnets attracted to mu-metal?

Are magnets attracted to mu-metal? Be aware that when watching videos of mu-metal they may have metals that are attached to the mu-metal and are attacted to magnets. Please don't get them confused.
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### Young's Double Slit Experiment problem, regarding change in medium

In the question we have a simple YDSE setup , there's just the addition of a glass slab of thickness t and ,refractive index u, in front of the top slit ( S1). Now we submerge the entire setup into ...
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### about the Horizontal Lift in a Princiapal Bundle

I'm currently studying Fibre Bundle by Nakahara's book, and I'm a bit confused about the following: Imagine we have a Principal Bundle $P(M,G)$ with open chart {$U_i$} and a local section {$\sigma_i$}...
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### I do not understand why $a_-a_+\psi_n=(n+1)\psi_n$ and not $\sqrt n(n+1))\psi_n$ [duplicate]

I do not understand why $a_-a_+\psi_n=(n+1)\psi_n$ and not $\sqrt n(n+1))\psi_n$ or how the Energy formula can help me understand this (I was told that it would). In the introduction to quantum ...
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### Comparing rates of cooling

There are 2 metallic spheres A and B. Mass of A is thrice the mass of B. Both the spheres are heated to the same high temperature from same initial temperature. The spheres are thermally insulated ...
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### Retarded potentials and fields

Why can't we use retarded times to make an expression for retarded fields instead of potentials? As far as I know it doesn't work, since the solutions produced ("retarded fields") don't satisfy ...
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### How does current increase in an LR circuit in order to reach a steady-state?

The equation of voltage of an LR circuit is given by: $$\boldsymbol{\varepsilon_0} - L\frac{dI}{dt}= RI\;.$$ Now, before the circuit is closed, $i= 0\;$ As is written in books, the current then ...
63 views

### I do not understand why $a_-a_+\psi_n=(n+1)\psi_n$

I do not understand why $a_-a_+\psi_n=(n+1)\psi_n$ and not $\sqrt n(n+1))\psi_n$ or how the Energy formula can help me understand this (I was told that it would). In the introduction to quantum ...
70 views

### Friction in driving car

We know friction helps in driving car, does this mean car can move faster on rough surfaces ? Since coefficient of friction is more on rough surfaces
357 views

### If I mix 1 unit of water at at 30C° with 1 unit of water at 60C°, is the resulting water at 45C°? [closed]

I'm curious how temperatures work when mixing water. I'm not very good at physics but I'm always learning. Let's say I've 1 gallon of water at 30C° and 1 gallon of water at 60C°, and I mix them ...
104 views

### How Much Does Roof Color Affect Energy Consumption?

I'm not sure whether this is off-topic; if so, I do apologize and will fully understand votes to close. That said: I live in a climate that's quite cold much of the year but gets pretty hot in the ...
625 views

### G4v Gravity Theory: Why does this get rid of Dark Energy?

Earlier this year, Carver Mead of CalTech published a paper which seems to be garnering a lot of attention: http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.04866 http://www.npl.washington.edu/AV/altvw180.html http://...
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### Time dependent electric field: Mathematical expansion for local electric field

In many articles and books I see that local electric field is expanded as $$\vec E_0(\vec r(t)) = \vec E_0(\vec R_0) − (\vec a(t) \cdot \nabla) \vec E_0(\vec R_0) \cos(\Omega t) + \ldots$$ For ...
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### Fire, catch and fire a particle

To be more specific, would it be possible to perform the stern Gerlach experiment on a single electron multiple times provided that none of the electrons paths were blocked.
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### Numerical relativity in causally pathological spacetimes

To perform numerical relativity simulations one almost universally adopts the so called "3+1" approach: spacetime is divided up into spacelike slices, each representing a "moment in time". After some ...
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### Interesting problem involving pendulum, collisions, and electric charges

This problem was invented by the physics professor at the community college near me which he used on a past final exam: A pendulum consists of a massless rod of length L and a conducting ball of mass ...
113 views

### Work Done On Circular Motion

I am trying to find the total work done on a ball, $m=0.8kg$, tied to a rope of r=1.6m length and swung in a vertical circle. I understand the total work done by both the tension in the string and ...
116 views

### Time dilation in the movie Interstellar

I know that the science in movies is questionable and sometimes ridiculous but I would think this question would have been more obvious to the script writers. When they visited Miller's planet they ...
36 views

### Phenomenon of talking apple

Recently I noticed something weird when took a metal bowl with a few apples out of the fridge and left them to get warm. After a while I heard a distinct sound in the form of sharp clicks approx. ...
148 views

### From the photons perspective

Probably been answered but couldn't find the answer. From the perspective of a photon: - For the photon to travel from body A to body B would take 0 secs. - The universe would be one point in "...
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### What is the potential difference between $a$ and $b$ in this basic circuit, when the switch is open? [closed]

My professor says the potential difference between $a$ and $b$ is the difference between the voltages on the top left capacitor and the bottom right capacitor. My friend and I however both think it's ...
145 views

### Doubts about spontaneous symmetry breaking

I have been exposed to the usual treatment about spontaneous symmetry breaking in the standard model but it shames me to admit that there are some loose ends I still have to tie up. For simplicity, ...
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### Massless scalar $\phi^3$ tree-level scattering amplitudes?

The CHY formula for massless scattering at tree-level can compute i.e. scalar, gluon and graviton amplitudes. For gluon scattering there are many other resources available to compute all kinds of tree-...
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### Rocket altitude [duplicate]

I have a model rocket I'm planning to launch. I heard from someone that you can calculate the altitude by timing the rocket from the time it takes off to the time it lands. Does anyone know how to do ...
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### Moment of area and centroid

What actually is moment of area? I know area into distance definition but what is its physical interpretation.When I say moment of area of two objects are different then what the difference I eill see ...
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### Does any ordinary object emit radiation due to Unruh effect and equivalence principle? [duplicate]

I am just wondering is there Hawking radiation for any object (that has mass) due to its gravity. Base on the Unruh effect and equivalence principle, any object should emit Black-body radiation or ...
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### Why does the mass on the cart-pole have to fall?

Not sure if I am posting this question in the correct community, as it relates primarily to reinforcement learning. Apologies early on if this is not so. In reinforcement learning many algorithms ...
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### How does Bernoulli's principle produce wing lift? [duplicate]

In the Ray Kurzweil's book How to create a mind is said that: The mathematics of how Bernoulli's principle produces wing lift is still not yet fully settled among scientist [...] What does ...
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### Why is the trajectory of the alpha particle in a cloud chamber almost straight?

This question baffled me since high school. Presumably, the alpha particle has collided with macroscopically large number of molecules when it makes a macroscopically large displacement. One would ...
34 views

### Help to find a simple setup for optical surface topography

I'm looking for some help from someone expert in optics to create an inteferometry based setup to map the surface of a small object. This is for a small lab project so I'm not looking for a really ...
95 views

### Speed of AC and DC current

If AC current oscillates as it passes through a conductor is it slower than DC current which does not oscillates?
67 views

### Looking for a specific theory concerning Dark Matter [closed]

I am looking for the name of a theory positing that "empty" space itself is not empty, but has substance, and that "fabric" or "substance" is actually what we call Dark Matter. In theory, dark matter ...
66 views

### Why superconductor have vortex

Sorry guys I really don't understand the idea of vortex in superconductor, why superconductors type II have vortices ? Thanks in advance!
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### Does the current in a resistor depend on the speed of electrons?

If the speed of electrons in resistor is slow, then will the current be slow and if the speed of electrons is fast, then will the current be fast? Does the current in a resistor depend on the speed of ...
103 views

### Inserting the resolution of identity correctly

In a text on path integrals, I find the following: \langle q_{j+1}|e^{-i(\hat{p}/2m)\delta t}|q_j\rangle = \int\frac{dp}{2\pi}\langle q_{j+1}|e^{-i(\hat{p}/2m)\delta t}|p\rangle\...
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### Difference between mechanical modes and phonons

As stated in this review article: Mechanical modes are long compared to the interatomic spacing. It is natural to make the distinction between nanomechanical modes and phonons: The former are ...
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### In which experiments the charge to mass ratio of proton was determined?

Are there experiments where the charge to mass ratio for protons have been determined in the same way as in Thompson’s experiments (where he determined the charge to mass ratio of electron) but with ...
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### References on particle cooling

I am looking for references on the topic of particle and mechanical oscillators cooling, in particular: Doppler cooling Resolved sideband cooling and Lamb-Dicke regime Stokes and anti-stokes modes ...
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### Is negative energy(work) less than positive energy(work)?

We cannot talk about magnitudes in case of work, but if someone did (-42 J of work) by stopping a moving object. And if someone did 42 J of work, by pushing something, who did more work? Does it ...
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### What happens when a contracted object going at speeds comparable to light is fit in a tight space, but has been brought to rest

What happens when a rod of length L moving at a speed comparable to the speed of light, is made to fit in a space of length say 3/4*L and is brought to rest. Does it exert some force on the walls ...
### Why is the energy lost due to the internal resistance always equal to $(1/2)CV^{2}$ in a simple capacitor battery circuit? [duplicate]
Suppose we have simple circuit in which a battery of EMF $E$ is connected to a capacitor of capacitance $C$. Work done by battery $W_{b}=CV\times V$ and energy stored in capacitor $=\frac{1}{2}CV^{2}$...