# All Questions

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### Is it possible to create a hologram using X-Rays?

Is it possible to create a hologram using X-Rays (or other penetrating EM-waves)?
54 views

### Determining cloud cover from observer to near the horizon

Does there exist a Clear Sky Chart with the following enhancements?: 1 - Actual Cloud Cover (Offered Visually and not just Colors with a Legend, Over Time/Past & Predictive) 2 - Simulate/Predict ...
1k views

### reflection, refraction and diffraction occur in radio waves, which one occurs the most?

One of the things about Radio waves is that they undergo different behaviors such as reflection, refraction and diffraction when in contact with obstacles such as walls, buildings etc. what i want to ...
106 views

### Certain material heating water in a recipient

I don't know how to resolve a problem, but I don't want the answer since I'm almost going to have it resolved. What the problem says is we have 85 liters of water at 7ºC in an iron pot of 29kg. We ...
13k views

### Why can't energy be created or destroyed?

My physics instructor told the class, when lecturing about energy, that it can't be created or destroyed. Why is that? Is there a theory or scientific evidence that proves his statement true or ...
367 views

### Horizontal Speed of Descending Parachute

I understand how to get the vertical (descent speed) of a parachute and its payload, but how could one find the horizontal speed/velocity of this parachute depending on the speed of the wind? (yeah I ...
425 views

### Derivation of the basic equation for Witten diagrams

I could understand the derivation of the "bulk-to-boundary" propagators ($K$) for scalar fields in $AdS$ but the iterative definition of the "bulk-to-bulk" propagators is not clear to me. On is ...
490 views

### Advanced topics in string theory

I'm looking for texts about topics in string theory that are "advanced" in the sense that they go beyond perturbative string theory. Specifically I'm interested in String field theory (including ...
235 views

### Tolerance of Natural Frequency & Resonance?

I'm writing a report at the moment about natural frequency, driving frequency and resonance - and I was wondering, is there a typical % tolerance inside which the driving frequency will cause ...
301 views

### What is the mass of a photon in non-empty spaces?

It is a well known result of the special theory of relativity that the photon has no rest mass, because for a particle to attain the speed of light, it must have zero rest-mass. I will not dig into ...
107 views

### String landscape in different dimensions

For D = 11 large (uncompactified) spacetime dimensions, the only "string theory" vacuum is M-theory For D = 10, there are 5 vacua. Or maybe it's more correct to say 4, since type I is S-dual to ...
280 views

### Uniqueness of the 5 string theories

This question combines several sub-questions, the common theme being: why the known 5 string theories are unique? Firstly, regarding heterotic theory. I understand the only allowed gauge groups are ...
3k views

### Two axes for rotational motion

I understand that angular momentum is a vector, etc.. But, what really happens when some object, say a ball for example, is set to rotate along two axes? What would the resulting motion look like?
95 views

### How to construct a 2D conformal field on a mirrored annulus with a looping pattern?

I would like to construct a 2D conformal field on an annulus in which the inner and outer boundaries are like mirrors, and can be approximated by regular polygons (with the same number n of mirror ...
163 views

### How Relative Is Relativity With Respect To Visual Effects?

This might seem naive, but here goes. Imagine Albert and Rick, of equal mass, accelerate together to a significant fraction of light-speed (call it v) relative to Earth, enough to clearly see the ...
2k views

### Why can't echoes be heard inside a room?

If I go camping and shout anywhere, in the forest or on a cliff, I usually hear the echo of my voice. Why when I shout in my room I do not hear any echoes?
223 views

### Why, intuitively, must a solution in physics be unique?

When solving Laplace's equation or Poisson's equation say, we require that the solution must be unique, which can be shown. In general, what is the physics behind seeking a unique solution? Are ...
815 views

I am confused by most discussions of analog Hawking radiation in fluids (see, for example, the recent experimental result of Weinfurtner et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 021302 (2011), ...
585 views

### Gears and efficiency/speed

For Christmas me and my brother got an AR Drone, the propellers are on a large gear, which is rotated by a small gear that is connected to the motor. This means the small gear (and therefore the ...
359 views

### A quantum particle in a box (with a catch)

I am reading Shankar's Quantum Mechanics and I am looking at the case where there is one particle inside a box, where the potential is zero inside the wall and abruptly goes to infinity outside the ...
313 views

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### Can a system entirely of photons be a Bose-Einsten condensate?

Background: In Bose-Einstein stats the quantum concentration $N_q$ (particles per volume) is proportional to the total mass M of the system: $$N_q = (M k T/2 \pi \hbar^2)^{3/2}$$ where k ...
466 views

### How can I vizualize and understand curved spaces in general relativity?

I'm taking a basic physics class and the teacher described space with a special table that has curves and black holes etc. He would throw a metal ball down onto it and the class would watch it circle ...
495 views

### Which symmetry is associated with conservation of flux?

Which symmetry is associated with conservation of flux (e.g., in electromagnetism)? For example, when working with Gauss's law in electromagnetism, net flux through an arbitrary volume element ...
93 views

### What's in my box?

Let's say that I have a box which is 100% empty. I fly into the vacuum of space, open the box and close it after a certain time. Then I go back to earth and my question is.. What's in my box? ...
249 views

### Is it true that $\vec{E}\neq 0$ inside a 1- or 2-dimensional conductor?

It is known that when a conductor is placed in an electric field, the charges redistribute themselves such that $E=0$ inside the conductor. I was also told that the same is NOT true for the 2D and 1D ...
349 views

### Did Newton discover gravity waves without realizing it?

Newton's theory explained the changes in sea level by the effect of gravity (moon/sun). Now we are trying to detect gravitational waves from distant cosmic surces. But, apart from the differences in ...
520 views

### Does the measured mass of earth include that of the atmosphere?

Just what the title states please... and perhaps naive too... Wikipedia pegs the mass of our Earth at 5.9722 × 10^24 kg. Does this figure include the mass of the Atmosphere?