# All Questions

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### Limits on stable charged particles

Are there generic model-independent limits on massive stable charged particles (say 10-500GeV)? I mean SU(2)/color singlets with just a hypercharge. For example the LEP search (CERN-EP/99-075) was ...
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### What happens when a ball stops bouncing?

If I were to drop a bouncy ball onto a surface, each successive bounce will be lower in height as energy is dissipated. Eventually, however, the ball will cease to bounce and will remain in contact ...
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### What really are exotic supersymmetric black holes?

I have just read (in the black holes chapter 14 on p244 of this book Ref.1) that in string theory, when one adds an (electric?) charge $Q$ to a static black hole, one can arrive at an exotic ...
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### Why we call the ground state of Kitaev model a Spin Liquid?

Now we always talk about the so-called Kitaev spin liquid. One important property of spin liquid is global spin rotation symmetry. Let $\Psi$ represents a spin ground state, if $\Psi$ has global spin ...
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### Fitting a circuit scheme to a simpler model

I have to simulate the electric field within a gas filled discharge gap generated by a radio frequency voltage generator. The circuit, provided to me by the experimenters somewhat far away, is given ...
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### Type I' String theory as M-theory compactified on a line segment?

I was considering the S-dual of the Type I' String theory (the solitonic Type I string theory). That is the same as the S-dual of the T-Dual of Type I String theory. Then, that means both length ...
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### Huge buildings affect Earth's rotation?

Does constructing huge buildings affect the rotation of the Earth, similar to skater whose angular rotation increases when her arms are closed comparatively than open?
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### If time stops at the speed of light is a photon 'everywhere' at once? [duplicate]

I am not a physicist so excuse my question if it's paticularly stupid. As a particle gets closer to the speed of light time slows down as for that particle as compared to a reference from the ...
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### Diagonalizing/eigenvalues of the infinite dimensional matrix of N harmonic oscillators on a ring

I have trying to show that the continuum limit of N quantum harmonic oscillators gives rise the the klein-gordon field. However, instead of a usual finite string, I want to do it on a ring. Hence, my ...
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### Question on friction [closed]

Please look at the figure carefully. The question is written, and one has to match the two columns 1 and 2 given under "choices and explanation". Please tell me if I am really wrong, i.e. would you ...
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### Why is a degree Celsius exactly the same as a Kelvin?

How on earth is it possible that the difference between two temperatures in Celsius and Kelvin is exactly the same. Given the historical definition of Celsius, I find it hard to believe that this is ...
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### How (why!?) does one introduce an UV cut-off in dimensional regularization?

This question is in reference to the confusing equation 3.7 (page 14) of this paper. One sees the 1-loop answers in their theory as given in their A.7 and A.8 on page 20. Each of the terms is a ...
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### Was TP Singh right to say that a theory of quantum gravity necessitates the Copenhagen Interpretation?

http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/174/1/012024 In the above link we see TP Singh arguing that only Copenhagen will work for a theory of quantum gravity. Some of his key points are "quantum theory ...
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### Quantization as a functor [duplicate]

Can anyone give an mathematical elaboration of the following statement: Quantization is a functor carrying the category of Hilbert space and linear maps to that of Symplectic manifolds satisfying ...
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### How to draw a ray diagram from focal length, object and image heights?

Q. An object of height 8 cm is placed in front of a lens. It's inverted image of height 4.8 cm is formed on the screen. If the focal length of the lens is 12 cm then by drawing at scale calculate the ...
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### Anti-particle problem for Dirac sea

According to the Dirac hole theory we know that Dirac sea is completely filled with negative energy, called vacuum. We will need $2mc^2$ or greater to get electron and a positron by incident photon. ...
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### Meaning of inner product $\langle \vec{r} | \psi(t)\rangle$

I have come across the equation which comes out of the nothing in Zettili's book Quantum mechanics concepts and applications p. 167: $$\psi(\vec{r},t) ~=~ \langle \vec{r} \,|\, \psi(t) \rangle.$$ ...
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### Unitary quantum field theory

What do physicists mean when they refer to a quantum field theory being unitary? Does this mean that all the symmetry groups of the theory act via unitary representations? I would appreciate if one ...
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### What is the wave length of the entire universe?

In quantum physics, particles are also waves. Larger particles have shorter wave lengths, and macroscopic objects have extremely short wave lengths so that the wave aspect can be ignored, and ...
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### How can particles travel in a straight line?

A particle can be set off in a certain direction by giving them momentum. Momentum is a vector, so the particle heads off in a specific direction. But the wave function of the particle allows it to ...
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### Origin of Ladder Operator methods

Ladder operators are found in various contexts (such as calculating the spectra of the harmonic oscillator and angular momentum) in almost all introductory Quantum Mechanics textbooks. And every book ...
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### Magnetic B Field of Point Charge Not at Constant Velocity

I'm working on an N-body simulator for charged particles. I know that moving charged particles generate a magnetic field, and another moving charged particle could be effected by this magnetic field. ...
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### Does the existence of Higgs imply the existence of Magnetic Monopoles?

I am aware that in theories with spontaneous symmetry breaking, Magnetic Monopoles can exist as topological solitons. Can the same be done with the Standard Model gauge group. I am familiar with the ...
183 views

### Expectation value - Zetilli vs Griffith

I know that an inner product between two vectors is defined like: $$\langle a | b\rangle = {a_1}^\dagger b_1+{a_2}^\dagger b_2+\dots$$ but because a transpose of a component for example $a_1$ is ...
341 views

### Does one second exist? [closed]

Let us assume .5 second has passed. Now similarly let .9 seconds also passed.. Then let's say that .99 second has passed...we're still not done because 1 second hasn't passed. Then follows .999 ...
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### What is the reason why anyons escape spin-statistic theorem?

I'm wondering about the exact reason why anyons escape the spin-statistic theorem (SST), see e.g. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin–statistics_theorem. I've read somewhere (the wikipedia page is ...
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### How much negative charge do I accumulate by touching the earth?

The Earth carries a negative electric charge of roughly 500 thousand Coulombs (according to different sources I've seen). If I touch the Earth I should therefore pick up some of this electric charge ...
546 views

### What's wrong with this application of Thomas Precession to circular motion velocity measurements?

If you happen to have the Third Edition of Classical Electrodynamics by John David Jackson, turn to section 11.8, as that's where I'm getting all this from. If not, you should still be able to follow ...
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### If $SU(2)_{L} \times U(1)_{Y}$ breaks to $U(1)_{em}$ when a non-zero mass for the Higgs boson is chosen, why do we still have weak interactions?

As I understand it, when we say that the $SU(2)_{L} \times U(1)_{Y}$ is broken via the Higgs mechanism, this is because the symmetry acts on the Higgs mass in a way that would change it's value. If we ...
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### Short-duration forces

In circular motion, it is said that the centripetal force acts only for a very very short period of time, hence is able to only change the direction but not magnitude of the velocity. Similarly in a ...