# All Questions

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### Change without Work

Is it possible for the state of the universe to change without any work at all being done? Or, more specifically, is it possible for some physical change to occur without work being done? (Note that ...
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### Is displacement in circular motion a chord or an arc?

When taking the displacement between two points along a circular path to calculate its velocity, do you take the length of a chord connecting the two points or do you take the length of the arc ...
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### A car honking it's horn, how long until the car hears the sound reflected? [on hold]

A car is traveling with a constant speed v on a straight road which forms an angle α with nearby straight wall. When the car is at a distance l from the wall the driver presses the horn briefly. What ...
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### Range of thermocouples

Why do thermocouples have a restricted range of temperature that can measure, say for example some go from –200 °C to +268 °C, what makes them to be useless below or above?, I know above may become ...
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### Angular Speed and Normal Speed

The instantaneous speed of a point along a circular path is given by $v=\omega r$, where $\omega = \frac{\Delta \theta}{\Delta t}$, $s=\Delta \theta r$, and $v=\frac{s}{t}$. However, isn’t the ...
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### Why is there longitudinal conductance in a partially-filled Landau level?

Suppose I consider an infinite, non-interacting (so no FQHE should happen) 2DEG in the magnetic field $\vec B=B\hat z$ with a non-integer filling factor, say 0.13 or whatever. Suppose I apply an ...
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### Why does surface tension of water-ethanol binary mixture decrease with increasing concentration of ethanol?

I was thinking that it must be due to weaker hydrogen bonding in ethanol than in water. But then I learnt that Raman Spectroscopy and viscosity measurements suggest that upto a certain ethanol ...
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### How do you calculate the electric tension between two charged entities?

If: 1) you know the coordinates and individual charge(in coulombs) of each object and 2) voltage is the difference in electric potential energy between two nodes How do you calculate the voltage in ...
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### longitudinal magnification confusion in concave mirror

If you move a rod lying on the principal axis of any concave mirror, when the near end of the rod is at a distance equal to half it's own length from the mirror, then the instantaneous velocity of ...
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### Centripetal Force Doubt

I have'nt understood the solution that has been provided: Question: Solution : I did'nt understand the part where they stated that for the water to not fall out of the bucket, N>= 0 I'm a high ...
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### If we considered chiral perturbation theory with coplex $\phi$-s, wold the next lo leading order renormalization $\gamma$-s change?

The Lagrangian of chiral perturbation theory (with two quark flavors) is written using the following matrix $U$ $$U=e^{i\sigma^i\phi_i/f}$$ where $\sigma^i$ are the Pauli matrices, $\phi_i$ are three ...