Tagged Questions

4
votes
3answers
133 views

How quark electric charge directly have been measured?

How quarks electric charge directly have been measured when quarks never directly observed in isolation? (Due to a phenomenon known as color confinement.)
1
vote
2answers
108 views

What is mass of free up and down Quark?

Quarks combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons, the components of atomic nuclei. Due to a phenomenon known as color confinement, quarks ...
6
votes
3answers
189 views

Origin of lepton/quark generations?

What theoretical explanations exist for the fact that there are three generations of leptons and quarks? I'm not so much asking why there are exactly 3 generations, but rather what makes electron, ...
4
votes
2answers
223 views

About free quarks and confinement

I simply know that a single free quark does not exist. What is the reason that we can not get a free quark? If we can't get a free quark then what is single-top-quark?
1
vote
2answers
250 views

Quark compositions in $\pi^+$ to $\pi^0$ pion decay

Pions can undergo a rare beta-like decay into leptons: Pion beta decay (with probability of about $10^{−8}$) into a neutral pion plus an electron and electron antineutrino (or for positive ...
-6
votes
2answers
245 views

Cramer's rule, Origin of Quarks Fractional electric charge? [closed]

In linear algebra, Cramer's rule is an explicit formula for the solution of a system of linear equations with as many equations as unknowns. 2u+1d=1 1u+2d=0 $$a_1d+b_1u=c_1$$ $$a_2d+b_2u=c_2$$ ...
-4
votes
1answer
227 views

Pion Decay and Fractional electric Charge disappeared, why?

Since the charged pions decay into two particles, a muon and a muon neutrino Fractional electric Charge disappeared, why? The decay proceeds by the weak interaction $W^{+}$ and can be visualized in ...
-7
votes
2answers
432 views

Could the fractional model of Quarks electric charge turn out to be false? [closed]

The delta baryons (also called delta resonances) are a family of subatomic hadron particles which have the symbols $\Delta^{++}$, $\Delta^{+}$, $\Delta^{0}$, and $\Delta^{−}$ and electric charges +2, ...
0
votes
1answer
261 views

What is the relationship between the Higgs field and quarks?

I have some difficulty considering the relative size of each and the meaning behind the shape of Higgs boson. I ask relating to the structures of both the Higgs field and quarks. How is it that the ...
2
votes
5answers
246 views

Could Quark model turn out to be false?

Quarks combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons, the components of atomic nuclei. Due to a phenomenon known as color confinement, quarks ...
1
vote
1answer
288 views

Quark Radius Upper Bound

If quarks had internal structure (contradicting current beliefs), what is the lowest upper bound on their "radius" based on current experimental results? If possible, I'd prefer to only consider ...
0
votes
1answer
75 views

Future of colliders and technical limitations

Are there any technical limitations (theoretical or technological) that prevent quark based colliders? ie. Colliding two quarks together.
1
vote
1answer
129 views

Particle mixing and indistinguishability

Neutral kaons have two flavor combinations: $\mathrm{d}\bar{\mathrm{s}}$ and $\mathrm{s}\bar{\mathrm{d}}$. They can also be weak eigenstates: $\mathrm{\frac{d\bar{s} \pm s\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}$. But ...
6
votes
2answers
322 views

Neutrino oscillations versus CMK quark mixing

I wish to describe in simple but correct terms the analogy between the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa (CMK) and Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata (PMNS) matrices. The CMK matrix describes the rotation ...
10
votes
4answers
2k views

Why do electron and proton have the same but opposite electric charge?

What is the explanation between equality of proton and electron charges (up to a sign)? This is connected to the gauge invariance and renormalization of charge is connected to the renormalization of ...
2
votes
1answer
186 views

What is meant by the rest energy of non-composite particle?

When talking about the rest energy of a composite particle such as a proton, part of the rest energy is accounted for by the internal kinetic energy of its constituent quarks. But what is physically ...
2
votes
1answer
171 views

Why are the quarks so named?

Quarks have a variety of names (or flavours): Up Down Strange Charm Bottom or Beauty Top or Truth Why do they have such odd names?
8
votes
1answer
359 views

Do color-neutral gluons exist?

If I'm correct a quark can change color by emitting a gluon. For example a blue up quark $u_b$ can change into a red up quark by emitting a gluon: $$u_b \longrightarrow u_r + g_{b\overline{r}}$$ ...
6
votes
1answer
458 views

What is the difference between 'running' and 'current' quark mass?

When looking at the PDG, there is a difference between the 'running' and the 'current' quark masses. Does anyone know which is the difference between these two?