The ideal-gas tag has no wiki summary.
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Find the workdone to increase the temperature of an ideal gas by 300c if gas is expanding under [closed]
Find the work done to increase the temperature of an ideal gas by $30^o C$ if gas is expanding under the condition $V \propto \dfrac{t^2}{3}$.
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Air pressure in balloon
I have to calculate the air pressure inside of an hot air balloon. After some searching I found out that I can use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT (from Wikipedia)
So to get the pressure in the balloon I ...
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Is it possible to obtain higher order corrections to the ideal gas law when one allows realistic phenomena to make their way into the equations?
I had an interesting thought today that caused me to ask whether it'd be possible to make corrections to the ideal gas law via introducing terms derived from more realistic phenomena to make their ...
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What is the ration of volume to lift helium? [closed]
I've been searching for a usable direct conversion, but most of what I've found used a lot of rounding. What is the exact formula?
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How can I interpret negative values of potential evapotranspiration?
If I extract Potential Evaporation (PET, W/m$^2$) from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), climate reanalysis data (downloadable as netCDF files here), there are some negative ...
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Finding rms velocity in isothermal process [closed]
I think none of these options are correct, I just need someone to confirm. Please, as no option is matching with $V_{rms}$.
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How fair is it to say that all chemistry arises from failures of the ideal gas law?
I was reading here about how the ideal gas law assumes point masses and non-interaction. Is it fair to say that all chemistry arises from failures of that?
Of course, such a sweeping generalization ...
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67 views
Volume of gas at which relative fluctuation of gas density occurs
I have the following question:
In what volume of gas occurs 10 % relative fluctuation of gas density
under pressure of $10^5\text{ Pa}$ and temperature of $293.15\text{ K}$?
I don't understand ...
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Conversion of ideal gas to real gas via $Z$ compression factor
The ideal gas equation $PV=nRT$ can be converted into real gas equation by compression factor $Z$ i.e $PV=Z~ nRT)$. My question is what is $Z$ and how does it arise? Is $PV/nRT$ a compression ratio of ...
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What are the units of these virial coefficients?
I'm reading some papers for calculating the vapor pressure of alkali metals as a function of temperature, and I've come across some familiar-looking virial expansions, but when I tried to work out the ...
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1answer
56 views
Calculating Air Density Lapse With Altitude (Specifically, pressures)
This might be a bit more of an engineering question, but I'm calculating air density drop-off with altitude, and I'm having some problems calculating the pressure (I'll run through my method). This ...
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79 views
Temperature change inside pressure chamber
Let's say there is a pressure chamber with some sort of sample / specimen (e.g. protein crystal) in it. Now I apply a certain amount of gas pressure, e.g. 10 or 20 atm. Let's say I use xenon as a gas. ...
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In $PdV$, what is the value of $P$? $P_1$ or $P_2$?
Say I have an ideal gas that has a known $P_1$, $P_2$, $T_1$, and $T_2$ undergoing a reversible adiabatic process. I want to find the work done so I must use $PV = RT$ to get the change in $V$, so ...
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How fast gas transient flow changes to steady state in network?
I need to do some natural gas flow in network calculations. I am using a steady state formulas, but since I am interested in the failure of the pipeline, I started to wonder how fast would entire gas ...
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1answer
154 views
Canonical partition of a boson gas
I have a 1D gas made of $N$ particles placed in a harmonic potential well, so the Hamiltonian is:
$$ \mathcal H = \sum_{j=1}^N \left ( \frac{p_j^2}{2m} + \frac{1}{2}m\omega^2 x_j^2 \right )$$
The ...
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415 views
How to calculate the specific heat capacity of gases
Could someone explain why the Specific Heat Capacity (SHC) of dry air is 1.005kJ/kg.K whereas the accepted SHC for ventilation air is quoted 1.300kJ/kg.K?
Assuming the air for the ventilation calc’s ...
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106 views
Root Mean Square Speed of Gas
The RMS speed of particles in a gas is
$v_{rms} = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}$
where $M$ = molar mass; according to this Wiki entry: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root-mean-square_speed
The gas laws ...
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Ideal gas temperature and pressure gradients?
Consider an ideal gas in a $d\times d\times L$ box with the $L$ dimension in the $x$-direction. Suppose that the opposite $d\times d$ sides of the box are held at temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$ with ...
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Ideal gas concentration under temperature gradient
I'm trying to calculate the concentration of an ideal gas in an adiabatic container as a function of position where the top and bottom plates of the container are fixed at temperatures $T_1$ and ...
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2answers
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With ideal gases, varying quantity of moles, and having a constant volume how do temperature and pressure behave?
I'm trying to build a simulation of gases so I ended-up trying to use law of ideal gases ($PV = nRT$).
In my scenario:
volume is constant ($V=1\rm{m}^3$);
a known quantity of moles are being added ...
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Experimental data for gas flow through pipelines
Maybe some of you could point a good source of experimental data of gas flow through pipelines? What I need is a very simple flow of some gases through some diameter simple linear pipeline. A graph of ...
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Adiabatic process of an ideal gas derivation
I am working through the derivation of an adiabatic process of an ideal gas $pV^{\gamma}$ and I can't see how to go from one step to the next. Here is my derivation so far which I understand:
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Understanding mathematically the free expansion process of an ideal gas
I'm trying to understand mathematically that for the free expansion of an ideal gas the internal energy $E$ just depends on temperature $T$ and not volume $V$.
In the free expansion process the ...
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Working out the mean velocity of particles in a gas
I'm trying to answer the following question:
Air consists of molecules Oxygen (Molecular mass = 32$amu$) and Nitrogen (Molecular mass = 28$amu$). Calculate the two mean translational kinetic ...
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Is it possible to add heat to a monoatomic ideal gas without increasing entropy? [closed]
The Sackur-Tetrode equation expresses the entropy of a monoatomic ideal gas:
[Equation from HyperPhysics]
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Using thermodynamics and Kinematics together to solve a parachuter problem?
I need to find a parachutist's displacement after a given height (nearly 37000m) and at a given latitude. I have his mass, area, parachute area, drop height, parachute deployment height, data about ...
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Problem evaluating moles in a an isochor transformation
I have a problem with an isochor transformation.
Me and my group of study made an experiment that want to check Gay-Lussac’s law.
We registered the equilibrium states and fitted the $P = nRT / V$, ...
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1answer
70 views
Thermodynamic process when nebula is heated
The basic thermodynamics problem is stated as follows.
The nebula contains a very tenuous gas of a given number density (atoms per volume) that is being heated to a given temperature. What is the ...
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How to deduce E=(3/2)kT?
It says in my course notes that a particle has so-called "kinetic energy"
$E=\frac{3}{2}kT=\frac{1}{2}mv^²$
Where does this formula come from? What is k?
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Velocity of real gas molecules?
It is known that the velocity of ideal gas molecules can be computed using Maxwell-Boltzmann law of distribution of molecular velocities, with average velocity given as:
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Will ideal gas law apply to plasma?
I have read that plasma is a state of matter that resembles gas but it consists of ions and electrons coexisting. So my question is : If plasma is just ionized gas, will ideal gas law apply for it ?
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Is it possible to find the number of gas atoms/molecules in a box when the number is small?
Given very low number of particles in a system (e.g. in the 100s), is there a way to accurately measure the number of particles in the system? Assume temperature, pressure and volume is constant and ...
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Calculating work done on an ideal gas
I am trying to calculate the work done on an ideal gas in a piston set up where temperature is kept constant. I am given the volume, pressure and temperature.
I know from Boyle's law that volume is ...
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375 views
Adiabatic expansion [closed]
I'll start off by saying this is homework, but I ask because I don't understand how the math should work (I don't just want an answer, I'd like an explanation if possible). I understand if this is ...
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Performing work on a box of gas by lifting it, and first law of thermodynamics
What happens if we lift a box of ideal gas? Work is done to the box but no heat is getting into it. So does it's internal energy increase by the amount of work done? Or is it that lifting is not ...
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Ideal gas and diatomic gas with same temperature
If a box of ideal gas and another box of diatomic gas are in thermal equilibrium,
does it mean that the average translational energy of ideal gas particle (A) is the same as that of diatomic gas ...
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Work Done by an Adiabatic Expansion
I am given the information that a parcel of air expands adiabatically (no exchange of heat between parcel and its surroundings) to five times its original volume, and its initial temperature is 20° C. ...
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Work Done in an Isobaric Process
I am given the information that an air parcel undergoes isobaric heating from 0° C to 20° C, and that's all I'm given. I have to determine the work done by the parcel on its surroundings. I know that ...
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Which heated, partially filled bottle will explode first?
This is in reference to a pasteurization discussion on a homebrewing forum.
I have four closed bottles which will explode if containing too much pressure. Two of them are 50% full (A and B), and two ...
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Ideal gas law, pressure increase and temperature
If I had a container, full with air, and I suddenly decreased the volume of the container, forcing the air into a smaller volume, will it be considered as compression, will it result in an increase in ...
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686 views
Work on ideal gas by piston
Imagine a thermally insulated cylinder containing a ideal gas closed at one end by a piston.
If the piston is moved rapidly, so the gas expands from $V_i$ to $V_f$.
The expanding gas will do work ...
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speed of sound and the potential energy of an ideal gas; Goldstein derivation
I am looking the derivation of the speed of sound in Goldstein's Classical Mechanics (sec. 11-3, pp. 356-358, 1st ed). In order to write down the Lagrangian, he needs the kinetic and potential ...
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173 views
Difference in vertical stratification of partial pressure due to gravity
Say you have a mixture of two ideal gases in the presence of gravity. There is a vertical pressure gradient on the mixture due to the force balance. This condition is required to prevent the entire ...
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247 views
Is it Possible to have Adiabatic Processes other than $PV^\gamma$ for the ideal Gas?
Is it possible to represent an adiabatic process for an ideal gas by a formula other than $PV^\gamma=Const$?:
Relevant Considerations:
We always need to connect a pair of arbitrary points/states ...
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1answer
621 views
Calculate mass of air in a tyre from pressure
How can one calculate the mass of air inside a tyre, given a particular tyre size; a pressure, in $kPa = \frac{1000kg}{m\cdot s^2}$; and assuming room temperature, and normal air composition? I can't ...
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May molecules of ideal gases have an inner structure?
The following question is probably very elementary:
whether molecules of ideal gases may have optic properties?
As far as I understand, when one discusses optic properties, one assumes that molecules ...
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Why are volume and pressure inversely proportional to each other?
It makes sense, that if you have a balloon and press it down with your hands, the volume will decrease and the pressure will increase. This confirms Boyle's Law, $ pV=k=nRT $.
But what if the ...
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283 views
What is the pressure drop in a venturi with a compressible fluid?
I would like to know if there is an equation to predict the pressure drop in a venturi device using a compressible fluid as the working medium. In particular, I'd like to use this equation to predict ...
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Centrifugal Compressor Flow Rate
For a centrifugal compressor, as found in most turbochargers on internal combustion engines, is there a noticeable change in flow rate versus a naturally aspirated flow rate? In other words, does the ...
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Black body balloon in vacuum [closed]
The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
There is a perfectly spherical balloon with surface painted black. It is placed in a perfect vacuum. It is gently inflated with an ideal ...
