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Behaviour of individual terms in Einstein-Smoluchowski fluctuation-dissipation relation

Consider a bath of Brownian particles at temperature $T$. If we sprinkle some larger particles in this (eg: pollen grains in water or dust motes in air), they'll diffuse with diffusion constant $D$ ...
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Is there an abstract notion of heat within a microscopical system?

The microstates of a system are said to be unobservable. I can introduce the entropy as a measure of the number of microstates, which lead to the same macroscopic variables. So in this detailed ...