A black hole is a volume from which photons, or any matter, can not escape. More formally, the coordinate speed of light at the event horizon - the boundary of a black hole - is zero, as measured by a sufficiently separated observer.
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Gauss-Bonnet theorem in the Hawking/Ellis book
At the page 336 of Hawking, Ellis: The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time, the Gauss-Bonnet theorem is stated as
$$\int_H \hat{R}\ d\hat{S} = 2\pi \chi(H) \qquad (1)$$
with
$$\hat{R} = R_{abcd} ...
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The bigger the mass, the more time slows down. Why is this?
If I were to stand by a pyramid, which weighs about 20 million tons, I would slow down by a trillion million million million of second. Don't know if that's exactly right, but you get the point. Also, ...
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Dense Spherical Black Hole Shell with a Region Inside
I'm going to propose a thought experiment, based on two ideas.
One: A uniform spherical shell, by the Shell Theorem, does not exert any gravitational force on objects existing in the interior of the ...
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What actually happens to a light ray on a Schwarzschild black hole horizon?
I know the Schwarzschild event horizon is a null surface generated by null geodesics. But what does that actually mean in terms of the path of a light ray that reaches it? Does that mean the geodesic ...
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Is it mathematically possible or topologically allowable for cutouts, or cavities, to exist in a 3-manifold?
A few weeks back, I posted a related question, Could metric expansion create holes, or cavities in the fabric of spacetime?, asking if metric stretching could create cutouts in the spacetime manifold. ...
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If there was a black hole on earth, what would it look like?
If an answer does exist, I'd love to hear it. I'm trying to incorporate a doomed earth story in something I'm writing, and the end of the world I'm going for is a black hole.
Let's say the black hole ...
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Kinetic energy of a photon and Schwarzschild radius
I have read here, that $\frac{1}{2}mv^2$ must not be applied on a photon ever.
If i want to calculate escape velocity $v_e$ i need to use $\frac{1}{2}mv^2$ because we say that kinetic energy ...
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Gravity from a singularity as distance approaches zero
If you had a singularity (that had mass but took up no space), what would happen to the acceleration of an object as it approached this singularity? I would assume that it would be infinite, since as ...
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Relaxation time for deviations from spherical shape of a black hole's event horizon (and waves)
A different question about truly spherical objects in nature (Do spheres exist in nature?) made me think of a lecture I had been at where, as I recall, it was mentioned that the most perfectly ...
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How does the evaporation of a black hole look for a distant observer?
Let's assume an observer looking at a distant black hole that is created by collapsing star.
In observer frame of reference time near black hole horizon asymptotically slows down and he never see ...
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Is there something like Hawking radiation that makes protons emit component quarks?
If Hawking radiation can escape from black holes, could quarks perhaps become separated from protons despite it being "impossible" for that to happen?
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Where and how is the entropy of a black hole stored?
Where and how is the entropy of a black hole stored?
Is it around the horizon? Most of the entanglement entropy across the event horizon lies within Planck distances of it and are short lived.
Is ...
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How can a black hole produce sound?
I was reading this article from NASA -- it's NASA -- and literally found myself perplexed. The article describes the discovery that black holes emit a "note" that has physical ramifications on the ...
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Black hole entropy from collapsed entangled pure light
Consider the following scenario, very similar to the one proposed in this question, but this time, the pure quantum radiation used for the black hole collapse, is now being split with down-converter ...
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Killing Vectors of BTZ black hole and their calculation in general
I was wondering what are the Killing vectors of BTZ black hole and how to guess them easily? Will it be the same as of AdS? What then will be Killing vectors for AdS-Schwarzschild e.g.?
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What reason(s) exist to suppose that all degeneracy pressures can be overcome in Black-Hole formation?
In models of stellar collapse to a black hole, it is a given that density increases without bound towards a singularity. Electron degeneracy I get. Neutron degeneracy I get. I assume there's some ...
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Would dense matter around a black hole event horizon eventually form a secondary black hole? [duplicate]
Possible Duplicate:
Black hole formation as seen by a distant observer
Given that matter can never cross the event horizon of a black hole (from an external observer point of view), if a ...
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Can a black hole actually grow, from the point of view of a distant observer? [duplicate]
Possible Duplicate:
Black hole formation as seen by a distant observer
I've read in several places that from the PoV of a distant observer it will take an infinite amount of time for new ...
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How would you detect Hawking radiation?
Hawking theorized that a black hole must radiate and therefore lose mass (Hawking radiation). According to classical relativity though, nothing can escape a black hole, the hawking radiation would ...
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In general relativity (GR), does time stop at the event horizon or in the central singularity of a black hole?
I was reading through this question on time and big bang, and @John Rennie's answer surprised me.
In the immediate environment of a black hole, where does time stop ticking if one were to follow a ...
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Fighting a black hole: Could a strong spherical shell inside an event horizon resist falling in to the singularity?
As a thought experiment imagine an incredibly strong spherical shell with a diameter a bit smaller than the event horizon of a particular large black hole. The shell is split into two hemispheres, ...
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Is Brian Cox right to claim that Gravity is a strong force for large masses, is it wrong, or is it only a matter of interpretation?
I watched a program of his in which it was claimed that since mass bends space in accordance to General Relativity, then in the case of very large stars it becomes a strong force to the point of being ...
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Black hole formation as seen by a distant observer [duplicate]
Possible Duplicate:
How can anything ever fall into a black hole as seen from an outside observer?
Is black hole formation observable for a distant observer in finite amount of time? ...
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Extremal black hole with no angular momentum and no electric charge
A black hole will have a temperature that is a function of the mass, the angular momentum and the electric charge. For a fixed mass, Angular momentum and electric charge are bounded by the extremality ...
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Does black hole evaporation respect quantum superpositions?
I've confused myself about the following scenario:
Suppose you make a black hole out of states with spin aligned into one direction, say the positive x-direction, and let's call this "up". Then the ...
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following up dark matter accretion in supermassive black holes
A while ago, there was some conspicuous evidence that supermassive black holes didn't seem to be eating dark matter at the expected rate of 70%-30%, in fact, only 10% of the black hole mass increase ...
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Alternate geodesic completions of a Schwarzschild black hole
The Kruskal-Szekeres solution extends the exterior Schwarzschild solution maximally, so that every geodesic not contacting a curvature singularity can be extended arbitrarily far in either direction.
...
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does the background spacetime of a black hole affects its thermodynamic properties?
The question is this: will the thermodynamic properties of a black hole (Hawking radiation spectra and temperature, entropy, area, etc.) depend if the black hole sits in a DeSitter or an Anti-DeSitter ...
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is this generalized Hawking radiation formula right?
Look at equation 11.2.17 in this page. The expression is:
$$ T = 10^{-5} \text{K m} \frac{\xi}{\frac{GM}{c^2} \lbrace \frac{GM}{c^2} + \xi \rbrace - e^2 }$$
where
$$ \xi = (r_s^2 - a^2 - ...
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Can a nearly-extremal black hole be stable against Schwinger vacuum breakdown?
I was doing some basic algebra to estimate the range of possible masses $M$ and electric charge $Q$ for a nearly extremal Reissner-Noström black hole. I want to see if the logic is correct
the ...
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Rotating Empty Sphere around stationary black hole
Would it be possible to create a habitable in terms of gravity planet that would rotate with the black hole acting as a center of gravity? The rotation of the structure would lessen the gravitational ...
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Seeing The Light in a Black Hole
I assume if light can't escape a black hole, then light is in a black hole. Does the light 'shine' inside a black hole
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Are different frequencies of light lensed differently during gravitational lensing a bit like refraction?
So I was wondering about the event horizon on a black hole. And wondering if the point of no return for radio waves vs gamma rays would be different. I guess the logic being, since gamma rays have ...
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Is the Hawking radiation of a charged black hole thermal?
Suppose you have a Schwarzschild black hole of mass $M$ and angular parameter $a = 0$ (no rotation).
Question: is it possible to throw a charge $Q$ at a faster rate than it will be re-radiated? Will ...
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1answer
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Multipolar expansion profile of Hawking radiation on Kerr black holes
I would be very curious if Kerr black holes emit Hawking radiation at the same temperature in the equatorial bulges and in their polar regions. I've been looking some reference for this for a couple ...
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Information scrambling and Hawking non-thermal radiation states
Could a very small black hole where half of its entropy has been radiated, emit Hawking radiation that is macroscopically distinct from being thermal? i.e: not a black body radiator. Or would the ...
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What is the motivation for assuming “Page” scrambling for Hawking radiation?
What is the motivation for assuming "Page" scrambling for Hawking radiation?
Obviously, at the semiclassical level, we want the outgoing Hawking radiation to look thermal and mixed. However, surely ...
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Could micro black holes obey the Eddington limit?
A stellar-mass black hole has recently been discovered in the Andromeda galaxy. One interesting part of the release is that this black hole shines close to its Eddington limit.
Quasars are ...
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How to calculate the mass of the Cygnus X-1 black hole?
I have received a question about how to calculate the mass of Cygnus x-1 (black star).
Since we are able to find the the mass through this Wikipedia page I know that we can find the mass through ...
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Why don't black holes have magnetic hair? [duplicate]
Possible Duplicate:
What happens to an embedded magnetic field when a black hole is formed from rotating charged dust?
It is well stablished that the only hair a black hole can have is:
...
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paper about black branes and implications to 4d black holes
This paper makes a case for piezoelectric response (electric dipole moment under mechanical oscillations) of black branes. This paper does not make an implication of their results for 4D black holes ...
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Why can't light escape from inside event horizon of Black Holes?
The simple answer: Its because Gravity of Black Hole there doesn't allow it. See also this and this Phys.SE posts.
Isn't it a classical answer? When we're unable to connect Gravity with Quantum ...
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What happens to orbits at small radii in general relativity?
I know that (most) elliptic orbits precess due to the math of general relativity, like this:
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-body_problem_in_general_relativity
I also know that something ...
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What happens to the wavelength/frequency of a photon as it passes through an event horizon?
I've asked a similar question about photons and black holes but wanted to rephrase it more specifically, so here goes...
Ever since I learned how a photon's wavelength and frequency are indivisibly ...
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Hawking radiation for closely orbiting black holes
Suppose we have two black holes of radius $R_b$ orbiting at a distance $R_r$. I believe semi-classical approximations describe correctly the case where $R_r$ is much larger than the average black body ...
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Nothing escapes BHs, gravitons mediate gravity, so why do BHs gravitate? [duplicate]
Possible Duplicate:
How does gravity escape a black hole?
Nothing escapes black holes, gravitons mediate gravity, so why do black holes gravitate?
My question is, "where is the hole (no ...
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Do black holes have infinite areas and volumes?
How to calculate the area / volume of a black hole?
Is there a corresponding mathmetical function such as rotating 1/x around the x-axis or likewise to find the volume?
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Do new universes form on the other side of black holes?
I have four questions about black holes and universe formations.
Do new universes form on the other side of black holes?
Was our own universe formed by this process?
Was our big bang a black hole ...
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Moving black holes
What happens to the fabric of space in the wake of a moving black hole? Is space permanently deformed by a moving black hole or does it rebound as the black hole passes?
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Kerr solution for finite collapse time
The Kerr black hole solutions gives an analytic continuation that is asymptotically flat. Some people have argued that this is another universe, but others state that the analytic continuation ...
